Basic Chemistry terms

Chemical Energy

________can hold matter together or break it apart.

Matter

Anything that has mass and takes up space

Atom

Basic unit of matter. The smallest part of an element.

Proton

The positive part of the atom.

Electron

The negative part of the atom is

Neutron

The neutral part of the atom

Law of conservation of matter states. . .

Matter cannot be created nor destroyed, but only changed in form.

Element

Substance that cannot be broken down into simpler substance (one kind of atom)

Protons and Neutrons

The nucleus of an atom contains the . . .

The valence electrons are involved with _____________

Chemical bonding

________ are made of two or more elements bonded in exact proportions

Molecular compounds

The smallest part of a substance with characteristics of that substance.

Molecule

Mixture

2 or more substances mixed but not chemically combined

Ions

Atoms that have an electrical charge are ________

Solution

homogeneous molecular mixture containing two substances having the same properties throughout the mixture.

Suspension

Heterogenous mixture of particles that will eventually settle out.

Atomic mass

Sum of neutrons and protons in an atom (when rounded to nearest whole number)

Atomic number

Number of protons in an atom.

solute

substance being dissolved in solution

solvent

substance that does the dissolving

organic

substance that was living at one time

inorganic

something that was never alive

homogeneous

of the same kind; similar; uniform

heterogeneous

Composed of unlike parts, different, diverse

isotope

atoms of the same element (equal numbers of protons) but different numbers of neutrons (example Carbon 14 and Carbon 12)

Strong Force

interactions within the nucleus of an atom that hold its nucleus together; strongest force known

physical change

A change in a substance that does not change its identity

energy

The ability to do work or cause change

nutrient

chemical substance that an organism needs to sustain life

chemical change

substance changes to new substance that involves changes in the arrangement of atoms, molecules or ions.