Media Studies Review

These flashcards cover key concepts and historical figures from the lecture notes related to media studies, including major developments in journalism, audio, movies, television, and online media.

Penny Press

A type of newspaper that was affordable to the general public and aided in increasing literacy and news consumption in the 19th century.

Nellie Bly

first stunt journalist who is best known for her record-breaking trip around the world in 72 days, also known forgoing into a womens insane asylum and documenting how they were cared for

Watchdog Reporting

A type of journalism that emphasizes the role of the media in monitoring and holding powerful institutions accountable.

HiFi

High fidelity audio systems that provide high-quality sound reproduction, which became popular in the mid-20th century.

RCA

a major player in the development of radio broadcasting and programming in the early 20th century.

Red Scare

fear of spread of communism, actors would have to get on the witness stand and state they were communists and then give away other actors hiding that they were communists  

Decentralized Web

this is meant to take away some power of big tech corporations and require them to be interoperable to allow users more control over their data and online interactions.

ARPA

responsible for the development of early internet technologies and protocols, controlled by the military

Ted Turner

purchased a local cable station in Atlanta for sports teams, then became the founder of CNN he is significant for pioneering 24-hour cable news broadcasting.

where was the first newspaper

amsterdam

milestones in news in the American colonies

establishment of significant publications like "Publick Occurrences", had two kinds of news; shipping news and political essays

 Joseph Pulitzer

who did nellie bly work for

developments after nellie bly

Muckrackers, pulitzer had a newspaper war, yellow journalism, radio news, CNN first 24hr news corp. all became common after a particular person

ecocentrism, pastoralism, individualism, over-arching one was the media has a reformist bias 

Sociologist research found consistent biases in news including

two big issues that affect journalism today

Corporate concentration of the press and cutbacks are?

transparency

What's better than objectivity

New York Times

what news paper is known for transperancy

created the phonograph

what did thomas edison do

created recording sound on flat disks 

what did Emilie Berliner do

hated it tried to get it to stop

 recording industries response to digital music

Guglielmo Marconi

who created radio

WW1

What initially held back the development of radio

people figured out you could advertise on radio and make money

why did radio grow so fast

people will not buy a radio if they have nothing to listen to

RCA cared about radio programming because

KDKA

first radio station

primary form of media entertainment

What did radio mean to americans in 1920-1940

radio

this was the easiest way to discover new music, for people to become famous, and for communities to stay connected.

had to find niche categories

How did radio change after TV came along

less people performed their music 

What big societal changes did audio recording bring

Kinetescope

What did Thomas Edison do for the future mass medium of film

projectors were created

How did movies change after the Kinetescope

The Blacksmith Scene (first movie shown publicly), Great Train Robbery (first movie in the U.S. to tell a story, first western/crime drama, first movie filmed in several locations)

What films did we watch in class

DW Griffith 

This person was known for making “a birth of a nation” which was an incredibly racist film that was 4 hourslong and was a landmark in narrative filmmaking.

moviemakers no longer being in charge, and were told if a movie could be filmed or not

after DW Griffiths first film he created another one that didnt do as well and led to?

the started to recieve screen credit because it was a selling point for movies

How did things change for movie stars

talkies

these were not very interesting, because microphones were attached to cameras which meant the cameras had to be closer to the actors

hey were an illegal monopoly setting unfair terms for theaters to only show good movies

Justice Department alleged this about the movie industry

switch to urban life and tvs

Movie tickets went from 80 mil sold each week to half of that why

TV doesn't do things to people, so instead people use it as a way to meet needs or gratify themselves

What does research say about the effects of TV viewing

the first broadcast

1939, New York City's World's Fair

I Love Lucy

all electric TV show that influenced other shows after it, because they would tape it live, edit it, and rerun it

VCRS, allowed people to record programs and watch them when they wanted to

How did viewers gain power when it came to TV

Nielsen, so the shows that have the most viewers could charge more for ads

What company tracks viewers and why

invented electronic TV

Philo Farnswarth

one big thing that is different about online and mobile media from other mass media

the only mass media that combines elements of interpersonal communication, mass communication and user-generated content.

The Military and because they wanted to connect computers 

Why was the internet developed and by who

package switching

What technology allowed messages from military to move from one computer to another

email, in 1970-1980

First popular internet functionality and when

Tim Berners Lee

Created technology that led to the World Wide Web (WWW)

URLS, HDTP, HDML 

3 major components of what Berners Lee started were

1990s

When did commercial users join the internet

Google

has the most valuable computer code because it was the starting point of ecommerce, started making money when it stopped being impartial with its search results

citizen journalism

Individual internet creators are

hackers

those who do bad things on the internet

many different things put into one, with not set controller

Is the internet one thing or many things