Spinal Cord and Endocrine System Notes

Flashcards covering key concepts related to the spinal cord and endocrine system.

The spinal cord extends from the __ to the lumbar region of the vertebral column.

medulla oblongata

The functions of the spinal cord include conducting sensory information to the brain and __ commands from the brain to the periphery.

motor

The inner region of the spinal cord containing neuron cell bodies is known as __ Matter.

Gray

The outer region of the spinal cord containing myelinated axons is known as __ Matter.

White

The __ is a clear, colorless fluid that provides mechanical protection and maintains a stable ionic environment for the CNS.

cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)

The tough outer layer of the meninges is called __ Mater.

Dura

The __ Mater is the middle layer of the meninges with a web-like structure.

Arachnoid

The innermost layer of the meninges that adheres to the CNS surface is __ Mater.

Pia

The hypothalamus controls the __ gland and plays a crucial role in maintaining homeostasis.

pituitary

The primary neurotransmitter used by the sympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system is __.

norepinephrine

The __ Reflex involves contraction of a muscle in response to stretch, such as the knee-jerk reflex.

Stretch (Myotatic)

The __ division of the autonomic nervous system promotes 'rest-and-digest' functions and uses acetylcholine as its neurotransmitter.

Parasympathetic

The pituitary gland is often called the __ gland because it controls many other endocrine glands.

master

Epinephrine and norepinephrine are produced in the __ layer of the adrenal glands and prepare the body for the 'fight or flight' response.

medulla

The thyroid gland produces hormones such as __ and Triiodothyronine that regulate metabolism.

Thyroxine (T4)