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what is sociology?
study of life, social change and social causes and consequences of harm behaviour.
what is cultural?
fundamental values and beliefs of given society or social system as well as norms followed by members.
what are some examples of sport and social activism?
athletes who take a knee.
billie jean king: gender equality in sport and battle of sexes.
boycotting of large sporting events.
pride night.
why are sociocultural studies important?
identify and analyze patterns.
critique inequalities on service gaps.
gain insight about self and culture.
examine PA with penetrating gaze.
question and critique norms.
why does it matter in kinesiology?
socialization.
sport involvement linked to society and nature.
dominant attitudes, values and morals.
atmosphere encouraging socially acceptable and discouraging socially unacceptable movement activities.
critique norms to find ways to do things differently.
what are the different lenses in sociocultural research?
socioeconomic status.
religion.
capitalism.
race.
age.
disability.
gender.
what are 4 different ways in how power functions in a social world of physical activity?
power is possessed by institution/state/individuals.
power is relational and shaped through choices make to move and certain decisions.
power relations underlie social inequalities.
power relations affect quality of life, chances for better life.
how do individuals learn and behave?
based on culture, way of life, social limits and opportunities, historical influences.
what to lenses allow us?
ask questions or see physical activity norms in a new way.
what are some historical beliefs about women and physical activity?
increase energy would be harmful and cause infertility.
desex women and negatively impact future generations.
cannot hand pain or injury.
foolish to take any risks during childbearing years.
sports associated with status and strict dress code.
what is biological sex?
genetically determined characteristics.
what are examples of biological sex?
chromosomes, hormones, genitalia.
what is gender?
socially determined masculine or feminine characteristics.
what is gender typing?
when parents or significant others encourage activities that are deemed gender appropriate.
what are the cons of gender typing?
ideas about gender shape certain behaviours.
assumptions based on inequality.
what is race?
modern idea.
defined by society based on genetically inherited traits we select.
social reality, impacting access to type of activity, resources, equipment, etc.
what are the assumptions made on black athletes?
lack of feelings, naturally more aggressive, natural athleticism → less coachable.
what is ageism?
discrimination or prejudice based on age, particularly against older people.
what are examples of ageism?
they’re too old.
it’s just part of getting old.
they don’t understand.
too much of a liability.
segregation.
what values do society hold?
stronger value on certain bodies and minds over others.
what happened in the olympics?
held first, more sports, more coverage.
respect, excellence, friendship.
compete in categories.
what happened in paralympics?
held after, fewer/different sports, increasing but less coverage.
determination, equality, inspiration, courage.
compete in categories, classified based on level of impairment.
what is socioeconomic status?
social position based on wealth, education and occupational prestige.
linked with race, class and gender.
what opportunities are available with socioeconomic status?
financial cost of organized PA.
lack of activities available at local school.
poverty and willingness to sacrifice body.
what are the financial cost of organized PA?
certain professional sports can offer decent lifestyle.
management positions occupied by wealthier more privileged.
earn wealth through hard work, winning, discipline and obedience.
what is the physiologist objective?
hypothesize based on previous research. → ex. improvement in vertical jump in U15 vball with plyo → vertex in lab.
what is the sociocultural research subjective?
lens/perspective → how do racial stereotypes affect jumping experiences of black players → interview, focus groups.