History Ch. 4 Early Rome & the Roman Republic

How did Etruscan society differ from Roman society?

Etruscan women had higher status.

Although the Romans claimed to be descendants from the civilized people of Troy, it is much more likely that they were descendants of Latins, who were _____.

Northern barbarians

Which of the following is a legacy of Romulus?

Naming of Rome, and Roman law

From which of the following civilizations did the Romans adopt their alphabet, religion, and much of their architecture and art?

The Greeks

Which of the following made Italy a great place to start an empire?

Abundant fertile land

Early Romans could MOST likely be said to have an _____ view on religion?

open-minded

Who was Janus?

A two-faced god who helped the Romans in battle

What was Magna Graecia?

The massive Greek colonial presence in southern Italy and Sicily.

How did the Romans create their pantheon?

By borrowing most of their gods from Greek mythology.

Who were the Etruscans?

A civilization that predated the Romans and influenced many of their traditions

He was the grandson of Numa Pompilius and contributed to Roman history by conquering neighboring Latin cities. He also founded the Roman port city of Ostia.

Identify this king.

King Ancus Marcius

Which of the following Kings was NOT a Roman?

Lucius Tarquinius Priscus

In regards to their contributions to Rome, How does King Numa Pompilius differ from King Tullus Hostilius?

King Numa Pompilius established the traditional Roman guild system while King Tullus Hostilius built the first Senate House.

Why do some modern historians believe that the government of King Romulus was advanced for its time?

Romulus established the Senate and gave them the power to elect future kings.

The event that ultimately ended the reign of Tarquin the Proud was _____.

the rape of Lucretia

How was the role of General Scipio determinant during the Second Punic War?

General Scipio's army cut supplies to Hannibal's army in Africa.

Choose the statement that is NOT true of the First Punic War.

The First Punic War was a victory for Carthage.

During the Second Punic War, how did Hannibal surprise the Romans?

By marching his army from Spain to Italy over the Alps

Before the Punic wars, how was Rome different from Carthage?

Romans were known for being foreign invaders, while Carthaginians were Phoenician uniters.

How did the Third Punic War start?

When Carthage refused to abandon their land

How did the Roman philosopher Cicero influence early American political thought?

His belief in natural law and the equality of man.

Pax Romana refers to

The relative peace that came with being a part of the territory and laws of the Roman Empire

The main difference between Roman civil law and the law of peoples was

Roman civil law was for Roman citizens, whereas the law of peoples was for everyone, regardless of nationality

Citizens of Rome had the right to a trial and defense of one's self in a court of law. Which branch of Roman law would this be an example of?

Civil Law

What marked the change in Roman law from an arbitrary system to one of lasting prestige?

The codifying of laws into the Twelve Tables of Rome.

Which of the following MOST likely belonged to the class of Equites?

A middle-aged wealthy trader whose father belonged to the lesser nobility.

Why is Gaius Marius considered a controversial figure in Roman history?

Because he proved that with military support he could flout the laws of Rome.

How did the status of plebs differ from slaves?

Plebs had their freedom but a horrible financial situation, while the slaves didn't even have freedom.

Which of the following is FALSE regarding the crisis in the Late Roman Republic?

By the mid 2nd century BCE, the vast majority of Italy's farms, mines, mills, and manufacturing ran on the hard work of the plebs.

Which of the following is FALSE regarding Lucius Cornelius Sulla?

He declared that he had veto power over both the Senate and the pleb assembly.

Which statement correctly describes the people of Rome?

They wanted money and food more than they wanted political power.

How did Julius Caesar destroy the Republic?

He subtly transferred the power of the Republic to himself.

Why did Julius Caesar, Pompey Magnus, and Marcus Licinius Crassus form the First Triumvirate?

To wield political power in Rome.

Why did some people love Julius Caesar, while others hated him?

He strengthened Rome, but at the cost of the Republic.

Which of the following did Pompey NOT do to win the support of the Plebs?

He gave them back their political power.