High temp geochem - thermodynamics
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Last updated 1:29 PM on 12/11/25
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21 Terms
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Thermodynamics
Study of energy
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System
Portion of the universe being studied (e.g.
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Surroundings
Everything outside the system.
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Open system
Exchanges matter and energy with surroundings.
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Closed system
Exchanges energy but not matter.
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Isolated system
Exchanges neither matter nor energy.
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Phase
Homogeneous part of a system with distinct physical properties.
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Component
Chemically independent species needed to describe a system.
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Chemical equilibrium
State where forward and reverse reactions occur at equal rates.
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Gibbs phase rule
Relates phases
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Energy
Capacity to do work or produce heat.
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Enthalpy (H)
Heat content of a system; relates to bond energies.
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Entropy (S)
Measure of disorder or randomness in a system.
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Volume (V)
Space occupied by a substance.
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Spontaneous reaction
Reaction that proceeds without external input due to favourable ΔG.
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Gibbs free energy (G)
Energy available to do non-mechanical work; determines spontaneity.
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ΔG < 0
Reaction is spontaneous (favours products).
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ΔG > 0
Reaction is non-spontaneous (favours reactants).
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Partial molar quantity
Contribution of one component to a mixture’s total thermodynamic property.
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Chemical potential
Partial molar Gibbs free energy of a component in a system.
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Activity
Effective concentration of a species in a non-ideal mixture.
