7.+Sampling+Distributions+and+Confidence+Intervals+for+Population+Proportion

Population

A defined group from which samples may be drawn for statistical analysis.

Parameter

A characteristic or measure obtained by using all the data from a specific population.

Sample

A subset of the population used to represent the population in statistical analysis.

Statistic

A characteristic or measure obtained by using the data from a sample.

Statistical Inference

The process of drawing conclusions about a population based on the analysis of a sample.

Central Limit Theorem

When certain conditions are met, the sampling distribution of the sample mean approaches a normal distribution, regardless of the original distribution of the population.

Confidence Interval (CI)

A range of values that estimates the uncertainty surrounding a sample statistic, showing the interval in which the population parameter is expected to lie.

Margin of Error

An expression of the amount of random sampling error in a survey's results, often associated with confidence intervals.

Sample Proportion (p-hat)

The proportion of successes in a sample, used as an estimator for the population proportion.

Population Proportion (p)

The actual proportion of successes in the entire population, which is typically unknown.