Mental Health 1.1

Flashcards for Mental Health Lecture 1

Stigma Surrounding Mental Health

Discrimination at work, Isolation from friends, Sense of self-doubt, Less opportunities

Components of psychiatric-mental health nursing

Trauma-informed care, QSEN, Theories

Therapeutic Use of Self

The art of nursing involves intensity of presence; being there for a patient

Caring, Attending, Advocating

Commitment to patient’s health, well-being, and safety

Mental Illness

Mental illness affect’s a person’s emotion, cognition, and behavior which can make it difficult to relate to others and maintain daily functioning.

Traits of Mental Health

Ability to laugh, Ability to live w/o fear, guilt, Maintain a health self-concept and self-value, Ability to work , Ability to control one’s behavior

Factors that Affect Mental Health

Economics, Culture, Environment, Community, Biologic, Health beliefs

ICNP: International Classification for Nursing Practice

Identifies nursing dx, Identifies interventions, Creates common language

Prominent Theories/ Models

Psychoanalytic Theory, Humanistic Theory, Interpersonal Theory, Cognitive Theory

Id

Primitive, pleasure-seeking, impulsive

Ego

Problem solver & reality tester

Superego

Moral component

Countertransference

When the therapist projects their own emotions or experiences onto the patient

Transference

When the patient projects intense feelings onto the therapist r/t unfinished work from previous relationships

Erikson's Psychosocial Stages

Trust vs. mistrust, Autonomy vs. shame/doubt, Initiative vs. guilt, Industry vs. inferiority, Identity vs. confusion

Interpersonal Theory

Driven by need for interaction; Interaction is source of anxiety

Humanistic Theory

Physiological needs, Safety needs, Belonging and love, Esteem needs, Self-actualization

Automatic thoughts

Rapid, unthinking responses based on schemata

Cognitive distortions

Irrational, automatic thoughts

Dopamine

Cognition, motivation, movement; Reward and pleasure

Acetylcholine

Skeletal muscle movement; Arousal & sexual aggression; Memory & learning

Norepinephrine

Mood; Attention and arousal; Stimulates SNS (fight or flight)

Serotonin (5-HT)

Regulates mood, temp, arousal, attention, behavior

GABA

Major inhibitory neurotransmitter; Reduces excitation, anxiety, aggression

Glutamate

Excitatory neurotransmitter; activates NMDA receptor; Memory and learning

Psychotropic drugs

Antipsychotics, Mood stabilizers, Antidepressants, Anxiolytics

SSRIs

Block the reuptake of serotonin in the synapse

SNRIs

Block the reuptake of both serotonin and norepinephrine

Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors

Drugs that increase concentrations of monoamines by inhibiting the action of MAO (an enzyme that destroys monoamines)

Tricyclic Antidepressants

Acts by blocking the presynaptic transporter protein receptors for norepinephrine and (to a lesser degree) serotonin= increases NE at the synapse

Benzodiazepines

Promotes activity of GABA; High risk for abuse and connection to dementia; Sedative & hypnotic effects

Lithium

Causes alterations in calcium and protein kinase C-mediated processes= effects on electrical conductivity

Ethics

The study of philosophical beliefs about what is considered right or wrong in a society

Bioethics

Refers to the ethical questions that arise specifically in healthcare

Ethical dilemma

When there is a moral conflict between two or more courses of action, with each potential choice carrying favorable and unfavorable consequences

Beneficence

The duty to act as to benefit or promote good of others

Autonomy

Respecting the rights of others to make their own decisions

Justice

The duty to distribute resources or care equally, regardless of personal attributes

Fidelity/Nonmaleficence

Maintaining loyalty and commitment to the patient and doing no wrong to the patient

Veracity

One’s duty to communicate truthfully