studying types of music (copy)

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Blues- Dynamics

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Description and Tags

176 Terms

1

Blues- Dynamics

Variation due to the performer

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2

Blues- Rhythm

4/4, Syncopation, Swing rhythms

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3

Blues- Tempo

Usually moderato, Variation due to the performer

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4

Blues- Structure

12 bar blues, Varied sections

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5

Blues- Melody

Repeating ideas, Simple, Follows the blues scale, Stepwise, Riffs and hooks, Improvisation, Call and response

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6

Blues- Instrumentation

Instruments - trumpet, saxophone, double bass, piano, electric guitar, drum kit, vocals, Techniques - glissando, vibrato, scat

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Blues- Texture

Usually homophonic

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8

Blues- Harmony

Extended chords, Walking bass line, Dissonant

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9

Blues- Other

Originates from the slave trade

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10

Latin- Dynamics

Mainly forte

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11

Latin- Rhythm

Syncopation, Clave rhythms, 4/4 or 2/4, Triplets, Dotted rhythms

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12

Latin- Tempo

Varies depending on style, Slow rhythmic pace, Fast tempo to dance to

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13

Latin- Structure -

Strophic, Repetitive

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14

Latin- Melody

Sentimental, Usually in Spanish, Call and response, Heavily accented, Ostinato

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15

Latin- Instrumentation

Instruments include - piano, vocals, bass guitar, acoustic guitar, electric guitar congos, drum kit, castanets

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16

Latin- Texture

Mainly homophonic, Sometimes polyphonic

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17

Latin- Harmony

Simple harmonies based on the tonic and dominant chords, Minor harmonies, Extended chords

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18

Latin- Types

Tango, Latin ballads, Reggeaton, Habanera, Bossa nova, Samba, Merengue, Rumba, Danzon,

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19

Folk- Dynamics

The collaborative nature means it is often forte, Variation depending on the song

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20

Folk- Rhythm

Straight rhythms, 4/4, 6/8, 2/4 or 3/4 - varied

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21

Folk- Tempo

Accelerando, Usually faster than andante (moderato, allegro etc)

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22

Folk- Structure

Strophic, Verse-chorus structure, Intro and outro

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23

Folk- Melody

The lyrics tell a story, Improvisation, Conjunct, Repetitive, Call and response, Syllabic, Motif, One main melody, Based on the pentatonic scale, Sometimes uses irregular phrase lengths

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24

Folk- Instrumentation

Acoustic instruments, Other instruments - fiddle, accordion, melodeon, banjo, tin whistle, harp, bagpipes

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25

Folk- Texture

Canon, Melody and accompaniment

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26

Folk- Harmony

Repetitive chord pattern, Drone/Pedal note, Simple

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27

Folk- Other

Oral tradition, No sheet music, The countries of the British Isles (Scotland, England, Wales, Northen Ireland) have different styles of folk

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28

Caribbean- Dynamics

Generally forte

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29

Caribbean- Rhythm

Syncopation, Off beat, Clave rhythms, Usually 4/4 or 2/4, Polyrhythms, Mostly in a 3-3-2 pattern, Jumpy rhythms

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30

Caribbean- Tempo

Usually allegro but can vary, Reggae is slower

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31

Caribbean- Structure

Verse-chorus structure, Strophic

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32

Caribbean- Melody

Patois dialect, Improvisation, Call and response, Nonsense words, Lyrics of love and life, Riffs

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33

Caribbean- Instrumentation

Instruments include - vocals, steel pans, claves, maracas, nabusa, guiro, tragogo, guitars, Techniques - scat, tremelo

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34

Caribbean- Texture

Usually homophonic

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35

Caribbean- Harmony

Tonal, Simple, Based on repeating chord patterns

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36

Caribbean- Types

Salsa, Calypso, Soca, Mento, Ska, Reggae, Roca Steady, Merengue

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37

African- Dynamics

Not much dynamic variation

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38

African- Rhythm

Off beat, Polyrhythms, Repeated patterns

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39

African- Structure

One melody repeated

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40

African- Melody

Small melodic intervals, Riff, Passed on through oral tradition, Call and response

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41

African- Instrumentation

Instruments include - ramkie, kalimba, dondo drum, bendi drum, djembe, kona, Techniques - offbeat jazz, vibrato, glissando, portamento, clicking and whistling sounds

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42

African- Texture

A capella, Homophonic, Sometimes polyphonic

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43

African- Harmony

Simple, Few chords, Close harmony

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44

African- Types

Close harmony a capella, Jazz, Gospel, Traditional

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45

Melody

  • riff, pitch bend, melisma

  • hook, slide, glissando

  • improvisation, ostinato, blue notes

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46

blue notes

a minor interval where a major would be expected, used especially in jazz.

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47

Harmony

Power chords, chord symbols e.g. C^7, stock chord progressions

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48

harmony

pentationic, modal, blues scale

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49

structure

intro/outro, verse, chorous, break, 12 bar blues, drum fill

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50

sonority

  • contemporary instruments e.g. electric guitar

  • specific instruments e.g. sitar

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51

sonority

  • palm mute, pitch bend, hammer on, pull off, slide guitar

  • rim shot in drums

  • falsetto, belt, rap, beat-boxing, scat singing

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palm mute

Guitar technique where the palm of the right hand is placed across the strings, creating a muted effect.

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53

rim shot

(drumming technique) one loud hit

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54

sonority

  • slap bass

  • amplification, distortion

  • ADT and DIT

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55

slap bass

a technique in which the bass player percussively hits the low strings of the instrument while picking melodies on the higher ones

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56

tempo, metre and rhythm

  • bpm, mm, groove, backbeat, syncopation, off beat, shuffle, swing/sung

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57

riff

short melodic phrase in rock music repeated (often on bass called bass riff)

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58

Hook

catchy main idea that can be a few notes or a whole phrase (often contains words)

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59

I - IV - vi - IV

-popular chord progression

  • used in Don't stop believing, No Woman No Cry, I'm Yours

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60

I - vi - IV - V

  • 60's progression still used in the 21st century

  • Baby, Kingston's beautiful Girls

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61

I - IV - V - IV

  • Wild Thing, Good Love, La Bamba

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62

I - IV - I - IV

  • only two different chords

  • John Lennon's imagine

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63

I - vi - I - vi

  • only two different chords again

  • sometimes major to minor keys to create distinct change

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64

examples of catchy prologues

  • dramatic and religious opening thats suspenseful

  • introduces with a thin texture and builds up

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65

chordal

music consists essentially of a series of chords

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66

scalic

music that is based on scales ascending and/or descending in pitch.

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67

'Little shop of Horrors' instruments

electric guitar, bass, drums, piano, electric organ reflecting 1960s rock'n'roll

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68

undertones

a low or quiet voice

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69

tonality

Principle of organization around a tonic, or home, pitch, based on a major or minor scale.

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70

anacrusis

an extra unaccented syllable at the beginning of a line before the regular meter begins

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71

how can artists use elements of music to create a successful musical theatre duet?

  • do not focus solely on 'duet' it is the whole musical performance you need to take into account

  • how does the rhythm affect the piece? etc.

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72

polyphony

Music with two or more melodies blended together.

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73

how can artists use elements of music to create a successful piece of theatre music?

  • fast tempo

  • catchy, syncopated accompaniment

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74

how can artists use elements of music to create a successful musical theatre duet? (rhythm and meter impact)

speed of the tempo means interplay between two (or more) singers need good timing which adds to the comedic effect of the piece

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75

how can an artist use elements of music to create a successful musical theatre duet? (melody)

  • catchy/memorable from use of riffs

  • conjunct and scalic movements

  • repetition creates conversational effect

  • continuous melody

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76

how can an artist use elements of music to create a successful musical theatre duet? (singing)

solo, unison, harmony

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77

how can an artist use elements of music to create a successful musical theatre duet? ( textures)

contrasting textures help to develop interest in the song and drive the narrative of the show

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78

Sergeant Pepper's Lonely Hearts Club Band

  • regarded as progressive rock

  • linked to British psychedelia

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79

Progressive Rock

  • genre of rock developed in the 1960s

  • uses elements of classical, folk and jazz styles

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80

harmonic rhythm

speed at which the harmony changes. If the chords change slowly it would be called a slow harmonic rhythm

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81

coda

concluding part of a literary or musical composition; something that summarizes or concludes

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82

Hammond Organ

harmonica sounding keyboard

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83

another term for 'bridge'

middle 8

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84

sitar

up to 23 strings, about 6 actually played. The rest are 'sympathetic strings'

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85

sympathetic strings

each of a group of additional wire strings fitted to certain stringed instruments to give extra resonance.

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86

Indian Music: Rag

series of notes used as the basis of classical Indian music

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87

Mixolydian mode

a mode on G when untransposed

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88

ADT

double tracking is used to make the sound of a performer fuller on a single line of music

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89

close-micing

recording technique where the microphones are placed close to the sound source

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90

linear loops (gaming)

a line of music will be comprised of different movements and a as a player progresses, a trigger point corresponds with different versions of the loops

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91

what are the effect of linear loops?

triggers parts of the music that reacts to the gameplay in emotionally satisfying ways

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92

Horizontal resequencing

interactive game music where there is two separate stands of music and the player is switched between them depending on the game mode

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93

contrapuntal

music that uses counterpoint, a texture where to or more melodic lines are played together at the same time

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94

counterpoint

(n) contrasting item, opposite; a complement; the use of contrast or interplay in a work of art

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95

power chords

A chord containing three pitches: a low note, its octave, and a third note in between that vibrates in a ratio of 3:2 with the lower interval.

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96

backbeat

Placing a strong accent on the offbeats. In a four-beat measure, the drummer typically emphasizes beats 2 and 4, creating the basic rhythm of rock music.

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97

double stopping

playing two notes simultaneously on a string instrument

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98

pull-off

switching from a higher note to a lower note without re-picking it

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99

Hammer ons

Hammer effect is that of a finger rapidly pressing down on a string with a higher pitch resulting. Don't change strum/pick.

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100

Instruments used in rap

turntables, samplers, drum machine, keyboards,

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