Studied by 13 people
Elements
Substances composed of one or more types of atoms, with over 100 known elements, and the smallest unit being an atom.
Compounds
Substances formed by chemically combining two or more elements in fixed ratios, exhibiting unique properties different from their component elements.
Mixtures
Combinations of elements or compounds not chemically bonded, retaining individual properties, with homogeneous mixtures having uniform composition throughout.
Solid state
State of matter with fixed shape and volume, particles held by intermolecular forces, and transitions to gas by sublimation or liquid by melting.
Liquid state
State with fixed volume but takes the shape of the container, transitioning to solid by freezing or gas by boiling/vaporization/evaporation.
Gaseous state
State filling the container, particles widely spaced with negligible forces, transitioning to liquid by condensation or solid by deposition.
Sublimation
solid to gas
Melting
solid to liquid
Freezing
liquid to solid
Boiling
liquid to gas
Condensation
gas to liquid
Deposition
gas to solid
molar mass
the mass of one mole of any substance
avogadro’s constant
a single atom of an element has a small mass
relative atomic mass
weighted mean of all the naturally occurring isotopes of the element
empirical formula
in simplest whole number the ratio of atoms of each element in a substance
molecular formula
shows the actual number of atoms in a substance
structural formula
shows the arrangement of atoms and bonds within a molecule
How many elements
Over 100
Example of mixture
Air
Example of compound
Water
Atom
The smallest part of an element
Solid state
fixed shape and volume
particles held together by intermolecular forces
particles will vibrate at a fixed point but do not have translational velocity
Liquid state
fixed volume
takes up the shape of the container
held together by intermolecular forces
Gaseous state
takes the space to completely fill container
widely spaced particles
intermolecular forces between particles are negligible
pressure is due to gaseous particles colliding with the walls of the container
Note
Flashcard