Studied by 0 people
social desirability bias
bias from people's responding in ways they presume a researcher expects or wishes.
peer review
scientific experts who evaluate a research article's theory, originality, and accuracy.
replication
repeating the essence of a research study, usually with different participants in different situations, to see whether the basic finding can be reproduced.
Correlation coefficient
a statistical index of the relationship between two variables (from −1.00 to +1.00).
scatterplot
a graphed cluster of dots, each of which represents the values of two variables. The slope of the points suggests the direction of the relationship between the two variables. The amount of scatter suggests the strength of the correlation (little scatter indicates high correlation).
experimental group
in an experiment, the group exposed to the treatment — that is, to one version of the independent variable.
control group
in an experiment, the group not exposed to the treatment; contrasts with the experimental group and serves as a comparison for evaluating the effect of the treatment.
single-blind study
an experimental procedure in which the research participants are ignorant (blind) about whether they have received the treatment or a placebo.
double-blind study
an experimental procedure in which both the research participants and the research staff are ignorant (blind) about whether the research participants have received the treatment or a placebo. Commonly used in drug-evaluation studies.
placebo effect
experimental results caused by expectations alone; any effect on behavior caused by the administration of an inert substance or condition, which the recipient assumes is an active agent.
quantitive research/measures
a research method that relies on quantifiable, numerical data.
qualitative research/measures
a research method that relies on in-depth, narrative data that are not translated into numbers.
informed conset
giving potential participants enough information about a study to enable them to choose whether they wish to participate.
debreifing
the post-experimental explanation of a study, including its purpose and any deceptions, to its participants.
Generalizing
the extent to which findings (from a study) can be generalized (or extended) to the those in natural settings (i.e., outside the lab)
placebo
An inactive substance or treatment that resembles the experimental treatment, used in research to control for the psychological effects of receiving treatment
experimenter bias
bias caused when researchers may unintentionally influence results to confirm their own beliefs.
structured interview
a standard set of questions asked in the same manner and order
linkert scales
a rating scale used to measure opinions, attitudes, or behaviors
effect sizes
A measure of the strength or magnitude of the relationship between variables or the magnitude of a treatment effect, independent of sample size
statistical significance
probability of some result from a statistical test occurring by chance
representation of partcipants
the sample must accurately reflect the population studied in demographics and characteristics of the chosen subjects
Directionality problem
the situation in which it is known that two variables are related although it is not known which is the cause and which is the effect.
third variable problem
that a third variable causes both of the other variables to
increase or decrease.
institutional review
researchers must have their research proposals evaluated by review boards at their home institutions to determine if participants will be properly protected.
informed assent
an agreement by an individual not competent to give legally-valid informed consent
Protection from harm
ensuring their physical safety, emotional well-being, privacy rights, dignity preservation during any psychological research or interventions
Confidentiality
Must keep personal information about the participants a secret...report results in such a way that personal information is not disclosed
deception
misleading participants about the nature of an
experiment and its methodology,
Note 
Flashcard (25)