Abeka 7th Grade Science Test 2

ovary

the part of the flower that fruit develops from

bulb

an underground structure made of thick, fleshly leaves surrounding a very short stem

compound leaf

a leaf that has more than one blade joined to a petiole

stolon

the creeping stem that grows along the surface of the ground in most grass plants

radicle

the part of the plant embryo that develops into the root system

plumule

the part of the plant embryo that develops into the shoot of the plant

sessile leaves

type of leaves attach directly to the stem

biennial

a plant that needs two growing seasons to complete its life cycle

angiosperms

the scientific name for plants that produce seeds covered by a flower

Christian Konrad Sprengel

German botanist known for discovering many complex details of plant reproduction

plant reproduction

primary purpose of flowers

sepals

leaf-like structures at the base of a flower's petals

transpiration

the term used for the main force that brings water up a plant's transport tubes, the loss of water from leaves

Queens Anne's lace

member of the parsley family that is also known as wild carrot

alternate leaf arrangement

what type of leaf arrangement does this branch have

seedling

the term for a young plant that is able to survive without its cotyledons

herbaceous

the type of plants have non-woody stems

photosynthesis

the food-making process of plants

anther

the part of the stamen that produces pollen grains

pollination

the transfer of pollen from the stamen to the top of the pistil

vegetative reproduction

plant reproduction that does not involve flowers, seeds or fruit

petals

the part of the flower that attracts pollinators

spores

tiny one-celled reproductive structures found on plants such as ferns

node

the place where the leaf attaches to the stem

pollen tube

tube that grows from a pollen grain through which a sperm cell travels to the egg cell?

pea family

the family that has fruits called legumes

grass family

the family that has fruits called grains

mint family

the family that has square and stout stems with flowers usually arranged in spikes

amaryllis family

the family that are monocots that have tepals and inferior ovaries and grow from bulbs, corns, or rhizomes

rose family

the family that has woody stems; fleshly fruits; flower parts in multiples of five; and cup-shaped blossoms with white, pink, or rose-colored petals

grass family

the family that is the most important group of plants

pea family

the family of plants that help return nitrogen to the soil

buttercup family

the family that is also called the crowfoot family because of their leaf shape that resembles a bird's foot

xylem

carries water and nutrients from the root hairs upward through the root system and the stem to the leaves

disk

what type of flowers found in the center of the composite flower head

osmosis

the process in which water and dissolved chemicals are absorbed through the cell membrane of the root hairs

cortex

the storage cells that surround a root's transport tubes

opposite

what type of leaf arrangement does this branch show

agent dispersal

animals, humans, or physical processes like wind and ocean currents scatter the seeds

bryophytes

plant without a vascular system

seed coat, endosperm, and embryo

the three main parts of a seed

primary growth

growth of a plant in length

root pressure

the upward force in the transport tubes produced by water entering the root hairs

mechanical dispersal

the ripened fruit bursts open, scattering the seeds

moisture, favorable temperature, oxygen

three main things seeds require to germinate

cotyledon

plant embryo structure designed for food aborption and storage

chloroplasts

chlorophyll -containing organelle where photosynthesis takes place in a plant cell

photosynthesis

process whereby a plant uses sunlight, carbon dioxide, and water to manufacture glucose and give off oxygen

pinnate

What type of venation does this leaf illustrate?

lobed

margin that has extensions of itself that can be blunt or end in a sharp point

entire

margin that are smooth and unbroken

toothed

margins with either small, sharp teeth or large blunt teeth

Monocot

a plant whose seeds have only one cotyledons; generally have leaves with parallel veins, petals in multiples of three, and fibrous roots

dicots

a plant whose seeds have two cotyledons; generally have broad leaves with branching veins, petals in groups of four or five, and a large taproot with secondary rootlets