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Pun
A play on words suggesting two different meanings in context.
Figurative Language
Non-literal words or phrases creating deeper meaning.
Double Entendre
A word or phrase with a double meaning, often one being offensive.
Onomatopoeia
A word that imitates the sound associated with an action.
Simile
A comparison using "like" or "as."
Metaphor
A non-literal comparison between two unlike things.
Analogy
A comparison for explanation or clarification.
Conceit
An extended metaphor comparing two things in an elaborate way.
Personification
Giving human characteristics to non-human things.
Zeugma
Using one word to refer to two different things in multiple ways.
Allegory
A story with a hidden moral or political meaning.
Fable
A short story with animals conveying a moral.
Metonymy
Substituting one word for another closely associated word.
Synecdoche
A part representing the whole.
Apposition
Two noun phrases placed side by side for identification.
Epithet
Characterizing words or phrases used in place of a name.
Hyperbole
Extreme exaggeration for emphasis.
Understatement
Downplaying a particular aspect of a situation.
Litotes
An understatement expressing a positive by negating its opposite.
Euphemism
A softer term for an uncomfortable topic.
Paradox
A contradictory statement with a deeper meaning.
Oxymoron
Combining contradictory words with opposing meanings.
Rhetoric of Parallelism
Using the same word pattern to show equal importance.
Rhetoric of Ellipsis
Omitting words that must be supplied by the reader.
Rhetoric of Antithesis
Highlighting contrasts using parallel structure.
Asyndeton
Leaving out conjunctions between words or phrases.
Polysyndeton
Repetition of conjunctions in close succession.
Anaphora
Repetition of words at the beginning of sentences or phrases.
Anadiplosis
Repeating a word at the end of one clause and beginning the next with it.
Isocolon
Successive phrases or clauses with equal length and structure.
Chiasmus
Repeating words or concepts in reverse order.
Exclamation
A sudden remark expressing strong emotions.
Parenthesis
An inserted explanation or afterthought in a passage.
Apostrophe
A punctuation mark indicating possession.
Style
The author's expression through language, including word choice and tone.
Diction
Specific words and phrases affecting mood and meaning.
Syntax
The arrangement of words to create well-formed sentences.
Organization/Structure
The arrangement of a text's information.
Narrative Structure/Narration
The framework of a story and its sequence of events.
Detail
Specific elements enriching the narrative for visualization.
Theme
The central idea or message of a text.
Tone
The author's attitude toward the subject matter.
Mood/Attitude
The emotional atmosphere created by a text.
Humor
The quality of being amusing or entertaining.
Irony
Discrepancy between appearance and reality.
Verbal Irony
Saying something but meaning the opposite.
Situational Irony
Contrast between expected and actual outcomes.
Dramatic Irony
Audience knows something characters do not.
Sarcasm
Verbal irony used mockingly.
Satire
Writing that uses humor to criticize societal issues.
Language
The system of communication in a text.
Literal Meaning
The straightforward definition of a word.
Metaphorical/Figurative Meaning
The symbolic interpretation of a word.
Formal Language
Structured language used in serious contexts.
Informal Language
Casual language used in everyday situations.
Colloquial Language
Everyday language or slang of a specific group.
Denotative Meaning
The literal definition of a word.
Connotative Meaning
Additional meanings or emotions associated with a word.
Abstract
Concepts that are not tangible or specific.
Concrete
Specific, tangible items perceived with the senses.
Simple
Straightforward and easy-to-understand language.
Pretentious
Overly elaborate language used to impress.
Imagery
Descriptive language creating vivid sensory experiences.
External Conflict
Physical events involving characters and their environment.
Internal Conflict
Psychological events occurring within a character's mind.
Exposition
Introduction providing background information in a story.
Rising Action
Events building up to the climax of a story.
Climax
The most intense point of a story
