Unit 4: Change and technology

adapt

(v) change your ideas/behavior so that you can deal with a new situation.

The structure of the Vietnamese state apparatus is adapting to a fast-changing world.

alternate

(adj) (v) thay phiên nhau

alternation

(n) The alternation of day and night

amend

(v) to make changes to a document, law, agreement in order to improve it

I had amended the agreement between me and my husband before he came back.

conservative

(adj) not willing to accept much change especially traditional values in society

The remote area in China is quite conservative, they can even accept women having meals with men in family.

convert

(v) change your beliefs (especially in religious)

persuade sb to change their beliefs

I was rather shocked when my father converted to Buddha.

convert sth into sth

I have converted dollars into euros when I go to European

convert sth from sth

Nowadays, we are converted from traditional taxis to high tech taxis as Vinfast

deteriorate

(v) to become worse

Our grandad’s family discussions deteriorate because of the inheritance of valuable piece of land in Moc Chau

distort

(v) change the facts, ideas so that it is no longer true

Quang Minh, a famous news editor for VTV Television has distorted the usage of Hiup powdered milk, which leads to severe consequences.

dynamic

(adj) continuously changing, growing, developing

Artificial intelligence field is dynamic.

endure

(v) ~last kéo dài tồn tại

Th masterpiece “Truyen Kieu” by the great poet named Nguyen Du has endured for over 400 years.

evolve

(v) làm tiến triển tiến hóa

Do you think people will eventually evlove into somekind of superhero?

As computer industry has evolveed, everything has got faster and cheaper

innovation

(n) sự đổi mới, cách tân

The innovation in the structure of the Vietnamese state apparatus is adapting the fast-changing world

innovative

(adj) tính đổi mới cách tân

To Lam, the General Secretary of the Communist Party of Vietnam, has said that Vietnam aspires to be a developing country that increasingly relies on innovative technology

maintain

(v) duy trì, giữ nguyên

Many women find it hard to maintain a perfect body after pregnancy

mature

(v) chín chắn, cẩn thận, kĩ càng

As you mature, you will see things more complicated.

(adj) mature year~adults

modify

(v) adapt

The revolution has modified the whole structure of country

novel

(adj) mới lạ lạ thường, ~ new, unusual

A TV that receives text messages is quite a novel idea

potential

adj. tiềm năng

I think the book’s a potential best seller

progress

(v) improve develop over a period of time

~advance

I soon progressed from B2 level to C1 level

radical

adj. căn bản triệt để toàn diện/ cực đoan

• They proposed radical solutions to climate change.
  (Họ đã đề xuất các giải pháp triệt để cho biến đổi khí hậu.)

• Some people think his ideas are too radical.
  (Một số người cho rằng ý tưởng của anh ấy quá cực đoan.)

refine

v. thay đổi, trau chuốt ngôn ngữ tác phong => make it better

The theory was further refined by modern scientists

revise

v. xem lại chỉnh sửa cho chính xác hơn

I need to revise my essay before turning it to profession.

revolution

n. a sudden and major change especially in ideas, methods

AI has led to a revolution in studying new languages

cuộc cách mạng bằng vũ lực nhằm lật đổ chế độ cai trị

Vietnam suffered from socialist revolution for almost 100 years

shift

n. a change in sth

There has been a real shift on Iran-Irasel wars when America voices

status quo

n phr. hiện trạng ~present situation

To defend/restore status quo

steady

(v) làm cho vững chắc kiên định

Gossip about me just steady my resolve

steady2

adj. đều đặn kiên định đứng đắn

Steady nerves is crucial when you taking exams

substitute

n. người thay thế vật thay thế

The Vinfast electric taxis are perfect substitute for traditional taxis because they’re cheaper

substitute

v. replace with

Margarine can be substituted for butter in this recipe

Butter can be substituted with margarine in this recipe

sustain

v. to provide conditions in which sth can happen/exists

The atmosphere on Mars won’t sustain life

switch

v. chuyển đổi, thay đổi

She switched jobs last year

switch2

n. sự thay đổi chuyển đổi

A switch from gas to electric

transform

v. to make someone, sth to another often in a attractive ways

uniform

adj. the same in everywhere

To keep meat fresh, we need to keep it at a uniform temperature

breakthrough

n. an important development that may lead to achievement

The Điện Biên Phủ conflict marked a decisive breakthrough that paved the way for peace in Vietnam.

broadband

n. high-speed Internet connection

Have u got broadband at home yet?

adj. able to send different types of communication signals at the same time

You need a broadband connection to watch this video

consumer electronics

n phr. thiết bị điện tử dân dụng

Many consumer electronics now use artificial intelligence to improve user experience.

craft

v. to make/produce sth skillfully

You can see that this basket was crafted by a skilled expert

games console

n. PS5 is well-known games console from Sony

manual

adj. operated/controlled by hand

My camera has manual and automatic functions

n. sách HDSD

primitive

adj. sơ khai rất cơ bản

The software was in primitive stage

back up

v. sao lưu dữ liệu máy tính

I backed up my computer before installing new software

support sb by telling u are agree with them

My teacher backed up my own decisions

change around

v. sắp xếp lại vị trí đồ vật

I changed my bed around to make more spaces

change out of

v. cởi bỏ quần áo hiện tai

I’m going change out of these wt clothes

change into

v. stop bein’ in one state, form and start to bein’ another

The caterpillar change into a butterfly

thay thành bộ đồ khác

I always change into comfortable clothes after work

do away with

~get rid of

The company decided to do away with the old system

do up

v. to repair, sửa chữa tân trạng lại

They bought an old house and did it up

to do up buttons/zips/laces cài nút kéo khóa buộc dây

make into

v. change someone, sth so that they become someone sth else

I made the leftovers to kimbap

test out

v. thử nghiệm kiểm tra kĩ xem có hoạt động tốt không

Let’s test out to see how it works

wear out

v. làm mòn, làm hỏng vì dùng nhiều

I have worn out my shoes