CSI unit 3

anticipatory socialization

processes of socialization in which a person rehearses for future positions, occupations, and social relationships.

agents of socialization

social institutions, including families and schools that help to shape individuals’ basic beliefs and values.

Peers and community

agents of socialization most influential on teens

Genie Wiley

evidence for critical period hypothesis

critical period hypothesis

theory that a person must acquire language prior to adolescence, otherwise it will be impossible to do so

Isabelle

isolated with deaf mother, thought to be mentally disabled but ended up progressing normally mentally and physically

Chelsea

thought to be mentally retarded but found out to be deaf in her 30s; developed some vocabulary but not very well

Skeels and Dye

absence of social interaction causes low IQ- high intelligence depends on early close relationships with humans

Psychodynamic theories

theories of personality development that propose we pass through stages

erikson’s psychosocial theory

stage theory of psychosocial development, lifespan consists of eight dilemmas that must be addressed in personality development

tabula rasa

“blank slate”, all personality is learned

humanistic theory

view personality with a focus on the potential for healthy personal growth

longitudinal study

research in which the same people are restudied and retested over a long period

cross sectional study

a study in which people of different ages are compared with one another, aka latitudinal study

Lawrence Kohlberg

created a theory of moral development

Harlow experiments

experimented with rhesus monkeys to show the need of contact comfort as well as show the dangers of social isolation over long periods of time

Social learning theory

the theory that we learn social behavior by observing and imitating and by being rewarded or punished

trait theories

propose that personalities are a set of traits or characteristic ways of behaving

big five model

personality trait model that includes extraversion, agreeableness, conscientiousness, emotional stability, and openness to experience

polygenic inheritance

combined effect of two or more genes on a single character

developmental tasks: physical

involves body changes endured during adolescence

developmental tasks: intellectual

involves changes in the brain and patterns of thinking undergone during adolescence

developmental tasks: emotional

deals with how adolescents struggle with self-esteem, identity development, and asserting independence from family

developmental tasks: social

refers to how adolescents shift from family-focused to friend-focused and begin romantic relationships