Mitosis Vocab

Mitosis

A type of cell division that results in two daughter cells each having the same number and kind of chromosomes as the parent nucleus.

prophase

Chromosomes become visible, nuclear membrane dissolves, spindle fibers forms

metaphase

Chromosomes line up in the middle of the cell

anaphase

Phase of mitosis in which the chromosomes separate and move to opposite ends of the cell

telophase

Phase of mitosis in which a nuclear membrane reforms around each new set of chromosomes.

interphase

A period of time in before mitosis during which a cell grows and copies its DNA.
Cells spend most of its time in this phase.

centromere

Area where the chromatids of a chromosome are attached

centriole

Cell organelle that aids in cell division in animal cells only

spindle fibers

help pull apart the chromosomes during anaphase and are made up of microtubules

chromatid

one of two identical "sister" parts of a duplicated chromosome

Cell Cycle

Made up of Interphase AND mitosis

Replication

The process by which a cell makes a copy of the DNA in its nucleus.

Chromosome

A double rod of condensed chromatin; contains DNA that carries genetic information .

Cytokinesis

The final stage in the cell cycle, in which the cell's ctyoplasm divides, distributing the organelles into each of the 2 new cells.

Cancer

A disease in which the body cells grow & divide uncontrollably, damaging the parts of the body around them.

Embryonic development

organisms development before birth

Reproduction

Producing an offspring

asexual reproduction

Process by which a single parent reproduces by itself

sexual reproduction

A reproductive process that involves two parents that combine their genetic material to produce a new organism, which differs from both parents

parent cell

The cell that either divides into its daughter cells by meiosis or mitosis.

daughter cells

new cells produced by cell division

Gametes

reproductive cells

Meiosis

Cell division of gametes

homologous chromosomes

Pair of chromosomes that are the same size, same appearance and same genes.

Meiosis I

The first division of a two-stage process of cell division in sexually reproducing organisms that results in 2 haploid cells

Meiosis II

the second phase of meiosis when the two daughter cells divide, resulting in 4 haploid cells

Haploid

a single set of unpaired chromosomes

Diploid

containing two complete sets of chromosomes, one from each parent

haploid

a single set of unpaired chromosomes

Diploid

containing two complete sets of chromosomes, one from each parent