Part 4: RBC Inclusion Bodies

Punctuate bashophilia

Basophilic stippling is also known as

Aggregated RNA

Content of basophilic stippling

Basophilic Stippling

Associated with lead poisoning

plumbism/ saturnism

Lead poisoning is also known as

Coarse stippling

What form of basophilic stippling is found in Lead Poisoning?

Siderocytic Granules

Dark blue in Prussian blue

Pale blue in Wright stain

Prussian blue

Siderotic granules is the term when ________ stain is used

New Methylene Blue/ Wright Stain

Pappenheimer bodies is the term when _______ stain is used

Intraerythrocytic collections of iron

Content of siderotic granules

Remnants of nuclear chromatin (DNA)

Contents of Howell-Jolly Bodies

Howell Jolly bodies

Which RBC inclusion is Feulgen Reaction (+)

Mitotic spindle remnants

Content of Cabot rings

Cabot rings

Described as threadlike structures that appear as purple-blue loops of rings

Denatured Hb

Content of Heinz bodies

Heinz bodies

RBC inclusion that is related to favism

Favism

Is an inherited condition resulting from sensitivity to the fava beans, occurs mainly in people of Mediterranean origin and in the Chinese who have G6PD deficiency

Hb H inclusion bodies

Appearance of RBCs include a pitted golf ball

Babesia

Parasite that exhibits Maltese Cross

95%

Hemoglobin is approximately ____% of the cytoplasmic content of RBCs

Respiratory pigment

Hemoglobin is also known as

34g/dL

Concentration of Hb within RBCs is approx ____g/dL

64, 000 daltons

Molecular weight of Hemoglobin

Felix Seyler

He identified the respiratory protein hemoglobin in 1862

1.34 mL

1 gram of Hb can carry ____mL of O2

3.34

1 gram of Hb can carry a constant _____iron

141

No. of amino acids of Alpha and Zetaglobin chains in hemoglobin.

146

No. of amino acids of Beta, Delta, Gamma, Epsilon1

36

No. of amino acids of Gamma A (alanine) and Gamma G (glycine)

Primary Structure

Describe the amino acid sequence of the polypeptide chains

Secondary

Describes the chain arrangement in helices and nonhelices

Tertiary

Describes the arrangement of the helices into a pretzel-like configuration or formation

Quaternary (Tetramer)

Describes the complete hemoglobin molecule made up of four polypeptide chains, including their interactions and arrangement.

Cyanmethemoglobin (HiCN) Method

Reference method for hemoglobin determination

Potassium Ferricyanide (K₃Fe (CN)₆

Converts hemoglobin into methemoglobinfor accurate measurement of total hemoglobin.

540 nm

HiCN is measured at ____nm

Sulfhemoglobin

All types of Hb may be measured using HiCN, except:

10 minutes

Length of time for full conversion of Hgb into HiCN

Centrifuge reagent-sample solution, then the supernatant is measured

Correction for High WBC and PLT count

Add 0.1 mL of the px’s plasma to 5 mL of the cyanmethemoglobin reagent and using this solution as reagent blank

Correction for Lipemia

Sodium Lauryl Sulfate (SLS)

Another method aside from Cyanmethemoglobin, but this method does not produce toxic wastes

8.4 to 8.6

pH of Cellulose Acetate

Cellulose Acetate

Considered as the primary screening procedure to detect variant (abnormal) hemoglobins

A₁

Fastest to migrate in Cellulose Acetate

A₂, C, E, O

Slowest to migrate in Cellulose Acetate

6.0 to 6.2

pH of Citrate Agar

Citrate Agar

Used to confirm variant Hb and further differentiates Hb S from D and G, and Hb C from E, O_Arab,C_Harlem

Ferroprotoporphyrin IX

Heme is aka as _________

Mitochondrion

Site of heme synthesis

Erythroid Marrow

Is the major heme-forming tissue, generating 85% of the daily heme requirement

Ferrochelatase

aka Heme synthetase

Ribosomes in the cytoplasm

Site of Globin Synthesis

Chromosome 16

Dictates the production of Alpha and Zeta

Chromosome 11

Dictates the production of Beta, Epsilon, Delta and Gamma globin chains

2 epsilon, 2 zeta

Molecular structure of Gower I

2 alpha, 2 epsilon

Molecular structure of Gower II

2 zeta, 2 gamma

Molecular structure of Portland

A₁

Predominant form of adult hemoglobin

R (relaxed) state

Conformation of Hemoglobin in the oxygenated state

T (tense) state

Conformation of Hemoglobin in the deoxygenated state

Carbon Monoxide

A tasteless, colorless and odorless gas

cherry red

Color of blood and skin in HbCO poisoning

chocolate brown

Color of blood in Methemoglobinemia

mauve-lavender

Color of blood in sulfemoglobinemia