Cell Histology - Skin, Muscle, Bone Structure & Function

A collection of vocabulary flashcards derived from lecture notes on Cell Histology, focusing on Skin, Muscle, and Bone Structure & Function.

Epithelial Tissue

Covers and protects the body surface, lines body cavities, and specializes in moving substances into/out of the body.

Muscle Tissue

Tissue characterized by properties that allow movement; consists of cells that are contractile and responsive to stimuli.

Connective Tissue

Supports, connects, and holds together body structures; consists of cells surrounded by a large proportion of extracellular matrix.

Histology

The biology of tissue.

Arthrology

The study of joints or articulations between bones.

Osteology

The study of the structure and function of the skeleton and bony structures.

Diaphysis

The shaft of a long bone.

Epiphysis

The distal and proximal ends of a long bone.

Compact Bone

The dense outer layer of bone that provides strength and protection.

Spongy Bone

The inner layer of bone characterized by a lattice-like network, containing red marrow.

Osteoblasts

Bone-building cells that synthesize and secrete collagen fibers and other components needed to build the matrix of bone.

Osteocytes

Mature bone cells that maintain bone tissue by exchanging nutrients and wastes with the blood.

Osteoclasts

Large cells responsible for bone resorption and remodeling.

Trabeculae

The structural units of spongy bone that support and protect red bone marrow.

Primary Ossification

The process that begins before birth to form the long central shaft in long bones.

Secondary Ossification

Occurs after birth, forming separate bones at both ends of long bones.

Epiphyseal Plate

A layer of hyaline cartilage that allows the growth of a bone's length.

Sesamoid Bones

Small oval bones that develop inside and beside tendons, such as the patella.