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Loftus and Palmer Car speed
- participants watched a film of 2 cars crashing
- asked how fast the cars were going
- groups given a different verb each:
- hit, contacted, bumped, collided and smashed
- smashed claimed the highest speed of around 40mph whereas hit claimed 31mph.
What other experiments did Loftus (and Palmer) conduct?
- Loftus and Palmer did a follow up type experiment where participants watched a car crash video and were called back after a week and asked 'Did you see the broken glass?)
- The more intense the verb the more likely the ppt was to recall glass
- Loftus and Zanni - did you see a/the broken headlight?
Gabbert et al. Post-Event discussion
- Participants were asked to watch a video of a girl stealing a wallet.
- The ppts were put into pairs, each watching the video from a different angle.
- The ppts then discussed what they saw together before answering a questionnaire.
- 71% recalled things they did not actually see
- there was a control group who did not incorrectly recall anything
Memory Contamination
A witness' memory combines with that of another witness and the memory becomes distorted.
Memory Conformity
A witness goes along with what other witnesses saw as they believe they are correct, but their actual memory stays the same.
Note 
Flashcard (25)