Microscopic Anatomy

 What type of neuron is most commonly found in the central nervous system?

multipolar

Which structure allows rapid signal transmission along myelinated axons?

nodes of ranvier

 Meissners corpuscles are sensory receptors sensitive to:

light touch

sciatic nerve includes

 Both sensory and motor nerves

Auerbachs plexus is located:

Between the longitudinal and circular layers of the intestine

What stain leaves myelin cell membranes visible while removing lipids?

 Osmium tetroxide (OsO)

 Intercalated discs are found in:

 Cardiac muscle

 Gap junctions in vertebrate heart muscle are composed of:

connexins

Which part of the pituitary gland is of neural origin and stains purple?

Neurohypophysis

The Golgi stain deposits silver in:

The cytoplasm and projections of neurons

Pseudounipolar neurons are most commonly found in:

Dorsal root ganglia

The cerebrum is responsible for all EXCEPT:

Reflex arcs

The central canal of the spinal cord originates from:

hollow neural tube

Which structure initiates the heartbeat?

Purkinje fibers

 Which neurotransmitter is used at vertebrate motor end plates?

Acetylcholine

What structure is heavily stained in Nissl-stained neurons?

ribosomes

Which neurons are typically excitatory and stimulate muscle contraction?

Motor neurons

Which of the following is a reflex arc pathway?

 Sensory interneuron motor neuron

In the cerebellum, you are most likely to find:

Purkinje cells

 What are the clusters of neurons called in the central nervous system?

nuclei

The basal ganglia are involved in:

Movement control

 What is the role of the substantia nigra in the brain?

. Inhibitory motor control

What would happen if the distance between Nodes of Ranvier increased?

faster signal transmission

 Pacinian corpuscles respond to:

Vibration and deep pressure

Which protein forms gap junctions in invertebrate neurons?

Innexins

What would a Golgi stain help you see?

Complete structure of a neuron

Which of these is an involuntary part of the PNS?

aurebachs plexus

What structure do acetylcholine and cholinergic drugs primarily affect?

motor end plate

 What is the main function of the dorsal root ganglion?

send sensory signals to the spinal cord

Which part of the spinal cord contains the motor neurons?

ventral horn

What sensory receptors are “egg-shaped”

Meissner's corpuscles

What is a plexus?

A cluster of neurons in the PNS. They can be voluntary or involuntary/autonomic nervous system

What two major lobes is the pitutiary gland composed of?

Adenohypophysis (ectoderm origin – incl. pars distalis, intermedia and tuberalis) and the Neurohypophysis (neural origin), both lobes having neural signaling and hormone production functions.  Both components are composed of glandular epithelium and nervous tissue. 

What is ganglia

Cluster of neurons used to describe invertebrate nervous system