American Revolution Test

George Washington

Leader of the Continental Army.

John Adams

Defended the British office involved in the Boston Massacre becasue he believes in a fair trial.

King George III

Enacted many laws and taxes on the colonists, without any input from them, to pay for the expenses of the French and Indian War.

Marquis de Lafayette

French military men who brought supplies, troops, and traing rto the Comtinental Army.

Paul Revere

Warned the colonists that the British were coming so they could prepare their plan for Lexington and Concord.

Samuel Adams

Leader of many of the protests and boycotts in Boston including the Boston Tea Party. Was agianst the British taxes without colonial input.

Thomas Jefferson

Statesman who wrote the Deceleration of Independence

Thomas Paine

British immigrant who wrote Common Sense.

Committees of Correspondence

People who got in touch with other twons and colonies and shared ideas and information about the new British laws and ways to challenge them.

Common Senae

document written in plain language and aimed at the colonists to convinve them of the need to citisens should make laws, have economic freedom and Military self- Defense.

Declaration of Independece

Document written by Jefferson and addressed mainky to King George. 3 Parts: Preamble - why the colonists should beocme free- Unalienble rights, taxed without consent, King George broke the social contract, List of Abuses and Declaration.

Guerrilla Warfare

When small groups of fighters use unpredictable and sneaky attacks instead of big army ones.

Loyalists

Colonists who chose to side with the British, often called Tories.

Mercenaries

Forgien soilders who fought now out of loyalty but for pay.

Minutemen

Milita who got their name because they were ready to fight at a minute’s notice.

Patriot

Colonists who chose to fight for independence from Great Britian.

Taxation Without Representation

the concept of laws being passed for a group of people when the people had no input in the laws. Actions of Parliament and King George III

Battle of Lexignton and Concord

First Battle, British go to Concord to steal the arsenal, find it empty and are ambusges by the colonists at Lexignton the way back to Boston

Battle of Saratoga

British surrender after a long march where they are often attacked by colonial milita they do not have the supplies and reinforcement they were expecting. Turing point of the war because French and Spain agree to help the colonists after.

Battle of Trenton

Washignton’s army suprise the Hessians on December 16 and capture without a fight. Morale boost for the coloniosts.

Battle of Yorktown

Cornwallis was surrounded on the Yorktown peninsula by the Continental Army and the French navy surrenders. Marks the ending of the fighting.

Boston Massacre

chaotic scene where 5 people died in a confrontataion in Boston. British army officers are tried in couty and defended by John Adams.

Boston Tea Party

In retaliation for the Tea Act restrictions, Samuel Adams leads a group of colonists disguised as Indians dump all the tea on ships in Boston Harbor. Illegal. Harsh punishment is given by the British when they create the Intolerable Acts.

First Continental Congress

Coloniel leaders met in Philadelphia in October 1774 to State concerns and ask the King to correct the problems. Continue boycotting, Militas prepare for war, Drafted “Declaration of Right”- send to King George, Meet again in 1775 if the King rejected their petiton.

Intolerable Acts

British Reaction to the Tea Party - close Boston Harbor, remove MA charter, say that royal officals’s will be tried in royal courts.

Proclamation of 1763

Prohibited colonists from moving West of the Appalachian mountains as part of the peace treaty at the end of the French and Indian war and avioded more conflict with Native Americans. Colonists protested that they needed more land to live on.

Second Continental Congress

colonial leaders Met in Philadelphia in May 1775 to make a first attempt at republican government in the colonies. Result: Delegates showing dissatisfaction with King George, All states to create State Constitutions, MA militia —> Continental Army, George Washington in command, Olive Branch Petition — July 1775, final attempt at peace, King George refused to read it.

Stamp Act

Tax on all paper goods sold in the colonies - a stamp was placed on them before they were sold.S

Sugar Act

Britain imposed a tax on sugar and molasses in order to make money to pay debts from the French and Indian War.

Tea Act

The British require the colonisys to only buy tea from the British East India Company because they are trying to help the company stay in buisness.

Treaty of Paris

Great Britain recognizing the independence of the United States

Methods used to protest and communication

Committes of correspondence, Letters, Posters, talking, Boycott, Throw Tea, Trade with others, Petitions to the King, Organize themselves, Ignore the Laws, Women majorly involved.

Role of France and Spain

Moral boost, soilders, ships, training, leadership, suppliesR

Roles of Women`

Take over buisnesses, write letters, support, boycotts, encourage the action of the men.