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Enzyme lowers activation energy by…
Orienting substrate correctly, straining substrate bonds, providing favorable environment, bonding to substrate
Enzyme specificity
each enzyme catalyzes only one kind of reaction
Induced fit
Enzyme slightly changes shape to accommodate the shape of the substrate
Cofactors
Aid induced fit, made of ions
Coenzymes
made of organic vitamins
Competitve Inhibition
substrate molecule is prevented from binding to the active site of an enzyme by a molecule that is very similar in structure to the substrate.
allosteric inhibitors
the binding of a regulatory molecule to a separate (allosteric) site turning the enzyme off by changing the shape of the enzyme's active site.
negative feedback
Results in the inhibition of an enzyme in a biochemical pathway, reducing the activity of earlier enzymes, and stopping the pathway.
Note 
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