Anatomy Bone Diseases / Imbalances

bursitis

inflammation of bursa(fluid filled sac in knee) due to to blow, friction; can be alleviated through rest, removing fluid through surgery

tendonitis

inflamamtion of tendon sheath due to overuse; tendons hold bone to bone

arthritis

inflmmation & damage to joints

osteoarthritis

type of arthritis; "wear and tear" of joints due to age

rheumatoid arthritis

type of arthritis; autoimmune disease (when body attacks healthy parts of you); body atatcks joints

rickets

softening of bone due to prolomged Vitamin D deficiency; Vitamin D helps us absorb calcium for bone calcification

Paget's syndrome

abnormal bone remodeling; enlarged / defomred bones caused by virus; virus atatcks osteoblasts that make bone; usually affects maxilla, sacrum, leg bones

spina bifida

incomplete fusion of spinous process --> spinal cord grows outside of vertebral column

osteoporosis

decrease in bone mass + density

achondroplasia

short limb dwarfism; axial skeleton of normal stature, limbs shortened

osteogensis imperfecta

brittle bone disease; imperfect bone making; anything that goes wrong in intramembranous / endochondral ossification

scoliosis (abnormal curves)

abnormal lateral curve of spine

kyphosis (abnormal curves)

abnormal cervical curve; affects breathing, can be accquired; a.k.a. hunch back

lordosis (abnormal curves)

abnormal / exaggerated lumbar curve; can be born with or accquired (pregnancy)

osteosarcoma

uncontrolled cell growth of osteoblasts

Osteomyelitis

bone infection; can be casued by bacteria that break down bone

sprain

ligaments reinforcing joint stretched / torn

cartilage tear

pop / snap of over-stressed cartilage

fracture

break in bone

herniated disk

intervertebral disk ruptures + pushes out into spinal cord

dislocation

bones forced out of alignment