2015 question 4 gopo frq

Describe the difference between civil rights and liberties

Civil rights ensure equal treatment under the law which protect groups from discrimination, while civil liberties are individual freedoms that protect people from government overreach.

identify the primary clause of the fourteenth amendment that is used to extend civil rights

the primary clause of the fourteenth amendment is equal protection clause

describe a specific legislative action that extended civil rights to each of the following 
-Women
-Persons with disabilities

The nineteenth amendment granted women the right to suffrage, and ADA which prohibited discrimination against individuals with disabilities in any  public accommodation.

identify the primary clause of the fourteenth amendment that is used to extend civil liberties

the due process clause

explain how civil liberties were incorporated by the supreme court in two of the following cases.
gideon v. wainwright
mapp v. ohio
miranda v. arizona

gideon v. wainright ruled the sixth amendment, right to counsel applies to state courts through the due process clause, insuring defendents have right to legal representation.
mapp v. ohio the supreme court violated the fourth amendment which cannot be used in state courts as this incorporated the exclusionary rule into the due process clause.