Holocaust Quiz Stage 3

What was the T4 Euthanasia Program?

A Nazi program (1939–1941) that murdered people with disabilities deemed “life unworthy of life.”

What methods were used in the T4 program?

Gas vans, lethal injections, starvation, and neglect.

Why was T4 important to the Final Solution?

It taught Nazis how to use gas, bureaucracy, secrecy, and mass killing efficiently.

What were the three main stages of the Final Solution?

Exclusion → Concentration → Extermination.

What was Operation Barbarossa?

Nazi Germany’s invasion of the Soviet Union in June 1941.

Why was Operation Barbarossa a turning point?

It led to mass shootings and systematic genocide of Jews and others.

How were Soviet POWs treated by the Nazis?

Brutally, millions died from starvation, disease, exposure, and execution.

Why were Soviet POWs targeted?

Nazis viewed them as racial and ideological enemies.

What was the Commissar’s Order?

An order to execute Soviet political officers immediately.

Why was the Commissar’s Order significant?

It encouraged mass murder and removed moral restraints on soldiers.

Who were the Einsatzgruppen?

Mobile killing squads that followed the German army into Eastern Europe.

Who did the Einsatzgruppen target?

Jews, Roma, communists, and other perceived enemies.

What method did the Einsatzgruppen mainly use?

Mass shootings.

What was the Salitter Report?

An SS report detailing the deportation of Jews on a train.

What did Nazis learn from the Salitter Report?

How to improve efficiency, secrecy, and organization of deportations.

Where were most ghettos located?

Eastern Europe, especially Poland and occupied Soviet territories.

What was the purpose of ghettos?

Isolate Jews, exploit labor, control populations, and prepare for deportation.

What was life like in ghettos?

Overcrowded, starving, disease-ridden, and deadly.

What was the fate of most ghetto inhabitants?

Deportation to death camps.

What was the Judenrat?

Jewish councils forced to administer ghettos under Nazi orders, often selecting which Jews should be deported.

Why were Judenrat members in impossible situations?

They had to carry out Nazi demands or face execution.

What was the Warsaw Ghetto Uprising?

A Jewish armed resistance against Nazi deportations in 1943.

Why is the Warsaw Ghetto Uprising important?

It symbolizes resistance and defiance against the Nazis.

What was the Wannsee Conference?

A 1942 meeting coordinating the implementation of the Final Solution.

What was decided at Wannsee?

How to organize deportation and extermination of Jews.

What was Aktion Reinhard?

The Nazi operation to murder Jews in occupied Poland.

Which camps were part of Aktion Reinhard?

Belzec, Sobibor, and Treblinka.

What is the main purpose of death camps?

Immediate mass extermination.

What is the main purpose of concentration camps?

Forced labor, imprisonment, and terror.

What made Auschwitz-Birkenau unique?

It was both a concentration camp and a death camp.

What gas was used at Auschwitz?

Zyklon B.

What were the six Nazi death camps?

Auschwitz-Birkenau, Treblinka, Sobibor, Belzec, Chelmno, Majdanek.

Besides Jews, who were targeted by the Nazis?

Roma, disabled people, Soviet POWs, Poles, Slavs, homosexuals, Jehovah’s Witnesses, political opponents.

Who are the Righteous Among the Nations?

Non-Jews who risked their lives to save Jews during the Holocaust.

What was the Bermuda Conference?

A 1943 U.S.–British meeting about Jewish refugees.

Why is the Bermuda Conference criticized?

It resulted in no meaningful action to save Jews.