APAH - C4 Africa and West & Central Asia

Conical tower and circular wall of Great Zimbabwe - Southeastern Zimbabwe Shona peoples C. 1000-1400 CE Coursed granite blocks

Conical tower and circular wall of Great Zimbabwe - Southeastern Zimbabwe Shona peoples C. 1000-1400 CE Coursed granite blocks

Great Mosque of Djenné - Mali Founded c. 1200 CE; rebuilt 1906-1907 Adobe

Great Mosque of Djenné - Mali Founded c. 1200 CE; rebuilt 1906-1907 Adobe

Wall plaque, from Oba’s palace - Edo peoples, Benin (Nigeria) 16th century CE Cast brass

Wall plaque, from Oba’s palace - Edo peoples, Benin (Nigeria) 16th century CE Cast brass

Sika dwa kofi (Golden Stool) - Ashanti peoples (south central Ghana) C. 1700 CE Gold over wood and cast-gold attachments

Sika dwa kofi (Golden Stool) - Ashanti peoples (south central Ghana) C. 1700 CE Gold over wood and cast-gold attachments

Ndop (portrait figure) of King Mishe miShyaang maMbul - Kuba peoples (Democratic Republic of the Congo) C. 1760-1780 CE Wood

Ndop (portrait figure) of King Mishe miShyaang maMbul - Kuba peoples (Democratic Republic of the Congo) C. 1760-1780 CE Wood

Power figure (Nkisi n’kondi) - Kongo peoples (Democratic Republic of the Congo) C. late 19th century CE Wood and metal

Female (Pwo) mask - Chokwe peoples (Democratic Republic of the Congo) Late 19th to early 20th century CE Wood, fiber, pigment, and metal

Portrait mask (Mblo) - Owie Kimou Baule peoples (Cote d’Ivoire) Early 20th century CE Wood and pigment

Portrait mask (Mblo) - Owie Kimou Baule peoples (Cote d’Ivoire) Early 20th century CE Wood and pigment

Bundu mask - Sande Society, Mende peoples (West African forests of Sierra Leone and Liberia) 19th to 20th century CE Wood, cloth, and fiber

Bundu mask - Sande Society, Mende peoples (West African forests of Sierra Leone and Liberia) 19th to 20th century CE Wood, cloth, and fiber

Ikenga (shrine figure) - Igbo peoples (Nigeria) C. 19th to 20th century CE Wood

Lukasa (memory board) - Mbudye Society, Lube peoples (Democratic Republic of the Congo) C. 19th to 20th century CE Wood, beads, and metal

Lukasa (memory board) - Mbudye Society, Lube peoples (Democratic Republic of the Congo) C. 19th to 20th century CE Wood, beads, and metal

Aka elephant mask - Bamileke (Cameroon, western grassfields region) C. 19th to 20th century CE Wood, woven raffia, cloth, and beads

Aka elephant mask - Bamileke (Cameroon, western grassfields region) C. 19th to 20th century CE Wood, woven raffia, cloth, and beads

Reliquary figure (byeri) - Fang peoples (southern Cameroon) C. 19th to 20th century CE Wood

Veranda post of enthroned king and senior wife (Opo Ogoga) - Olowe of Ise (Yoruba peoples) C. 1910-1914 CE Wood and pigment

Petra, Jordan: Treasury and Great Temple - Nabataean Ptolemaic and Roman C. 400 BCE - 100 CE Cut rock

Petra, Jordan: Treasury and Great Temple - Nabataean Ptolemaic and Roman C. 400 BCE - 100 CE Cut rock

Petra, Jordan: Treasury and Great Temple - Nabataean Ptolemaic and Roman C. 400 BCE - 100 CE Cut rock

Buddha - Bamiyan, Afghanistan. Gandharan. C. 400-800 CE (destroyed in 2011) Cut rock with plaster and polychrome paint

Buddha - Bamiyan, Afghanistan. Gandharan. C. 400-800 CE (destroyed in 2011) Cut rock with plaster and polychrome paint

The Kaaba - Mecca, Saudi Arabia. Islamic. Pre-Islamic monument; rededicated by Muhammad in 631-632 CE; multiple renovations. Granite masonry, covered with silk curtain and calligraphy in gold and silver-wrapped thread.

The Kaaba - Mecca, Saudi Arabia. Islamic. Pre-Islamic monument; rededicated by Muhammad in 631-632 CE; multiple renovations. Granite masonry, covered with silk curtain and calligraphy in gold and silver-wrapped thread.

The Kaaba - Mecca, Saudi Arabia. Islamic. Pre-Islamic monument; rededicated by Muhammad in 631-632 CE; multiple renovations. Granite masonry, covered with silk curtain and calligraphy in gold and silver-wrapped thread.

Jowo Rinpoche, enshrined in the Jokhang Temple - Lhasa, Tibet. Yarlung Dynasty. Believed to have been brought to Tibet in 641 CE Gilt metals with semiprecious stones, pearls, and paint; various offerings

Dome of the Rock - Jerusalem. Islamic, Umayyad 691-692 CE, with multiple renovations Stone masonry and wooden roof decorated with glazed ceramic tile, mosaics, and gilt aluminum and bronze dome

Dome of the Rock - Jerusalem. Islamic, Umayyad 691-692 CE, with multiple renovations Stone masonry and wooden roof decorated with glazed ceramic tile, mosaics, and gilt aluminum and bronze dome

Great Mosque (Masjid-e Jameh) - Isfahan, Iran. Islamic, Persian: Seljuk, Il-Khanid, Timurid and Safavid Dynasties C. 700 CE; additions and restorations in the 14th, 18th, and 20th centuries CE Stone, brick, wood, plaster, and glazed ceramic tile

Great Mosque (Masjid-e Jameh) - Isfahan, Iran. Islamic, Persian: Seljuk, Il-Khanid, Timurid and Safavid Dynasties C. 700 CE; additions and restorations in the 14th, 18th, and 20th centuries CE Stone, brick, wood, plaster, and glazed ceramic tile

Great Mosque (Masjid-e Jameh) - Isfahan, Iran. Islamic, Persian: Seljuk, Il-Khanid, Timurid and Safavid Dynasties C. 700 CE; additions and restorations in the 14th, 18th, and 20th centuries CE Stone, brick, wood, plaster, and glazed ceramic tile

Great Mosque (Masjid-e Jameh) - Isfahan, Iran. Islamic, Persian: Seljuk, Il-Khanid, Timurid and Safavid Dynasties C. 700 CE; additions and restorations in the 14th, 18th, and 20th centuries CE Stone, brick, wood, plaster, and glazed ceramic tile

Folio from a Qur’an - Arab, North Africa, or Near East Abbasid C. eighth to ninth century CE Ink, color, and gold on parchment

Basin (Baptistere de St. Louis) - Muhammad ibn al-Zain C. 1320-1340 CE Brass inlaid with gold and silver

Bahram Gur Fights the Karg, folio from the Great Il-Khanid Shahnama - Islamic; Persian, Il’Khanid C. 1330-1340 CE Ink and opaque watercolor, gold, and silver on paper

The Court of Gayumars, folio from Shah Tahmasp’s Shahnama - Sultan Muhammad C. 1522-1525 CE Ink, opaque watercolor, and gold on paper

The Ardabil Carpet - Maqsud of Kashan C. 1539-1540 CE Silk and wool