terrorism and homeland security midterm

Homeland Security Presidential Directives

presidential executive orders that are focused on Homeland Security and advise the federal bureaucracy on administrative requirements the president wants implemented

FEMA

Federal Emergency Management Agency

Office of Homeland Security

he office inside of the White House (executive branch) led by former Governor Tom Ridge, charged with securing the homeland, and which served as the nucleus for the Department of Homeland Security

what departments where relocated into the new dhs

FEMA, U.S cost guard, US border patrol, US customs service, federal protective service, transportation security administration

Immigration and Naturalization split into what

Immigration enforcement bureau and Citizenship bureau

4 division of the new DHS

• Border and Transportation Security

• Emergency Preparedness and Response,

• Science and Technology,

• Information Analysis and Infrastructure protection

responsibility of Border and Transportation Security

setting U.S. visa policy and securing U.S. borders and transportation systems

Responsibility of Emergency Preparedness and Respones

Includes FEMA and the functions of other agencies charged with preparing for and responding to terror attacks

Responsibility of Science and Technology

given the task of developing countermeasures against terror attacks involving weapons of mass destruction such as chemical, biological, radiological, and nuclear

Responsibility of Information Analysis and Infrastructure Protection

analyzing all intelligence information on potential terrorist action against the country and for evaluating critical U.S. infrastructure for vulnerabilities to terrorism

origins of homeland security

shays rebellion ( dominated by feds, feared by the states)

states asked fed gov for help

constitution article 4, section 4

U.S shall guarantee to every state in this union a rep form of gov and shall protect each of them against invasion (domestic violence)

2nd amendment: right to bear arms

states wanted a well regulated milita (national guard)

immigration act of 1819

first time the use would have a immigration service

states did not want a central gov to have the role

handed homeland security issues

Ellis island (og:1892-1897; new 1904-1910)

new department of immigration and treasury (had a naturalization service inside)

Ellis island health issues

were a big part

had a contagious disease isolation (10% of people got sent)

immigration and treasury

suddenly fed are responsible for homeland security issues

Homeland security

a unified, national effort to prevent and deter terrorist attacks, protect and respond to hazards, and secure the national borders

5 key missions of homeland security

• prevent terrorism and enhance security

• secure and manger our borders

• enforce and administer our immigration law

• ensure resilience to disaster

• safeguard and secure cyberspace

Democide

sate actors (dominate government) that terrors their own people

example of democide

Lebanon bombing of 1983

• non-state actors (military personnel) blew up hotel with U.S and French soldiers

terrorism (academic def)

a non-state actor using violence against noncombatant to gain notoriety and towards their ideological goals

• comes from british man Edmund Bruke

homeland security focus on a different perspective than

foreign policy

• critical how you define terrorism and homeland security

“one person terrorist group is” what?

“another persons freedom fighters”

three stream approach

• problem stream

• solution stream

• political stream

problem stream

widespread problem that forces government to act

solution stream

created by experts in the area

political stream

both parties pay attention

key aspect to simplify complex policy decision

to what degree is there a consenseces about the problem, degree of political understanding of the solution, the will letting branches to make change

bush was opposed to make a new department after 9/11

proposed a new member of his cabinet to oversee but had no support for dramatic change

three stream approach for the new DHS

• problem stream - 9/11 chaos reigned, everyone agreed

• solution stream - agreed for need for new central spokes person but not which structure

• political stream - congress was planning to move with out bush, so he proposed the new (our current) DHS

Patriot Act

• simplified the warrant processes (wiretaps)

• greater access to personal email and internet activity

• reduced “wall” between law enforcement and intel agencies sharing info

• greater freedom for fed agencies to share data in terrorist cases and allow for shared info

Quadrennial review

process to establish priorities/budget/decisions

• forces them to reevaluate its mission and how large bureaucrat organizes for the defence of the U.S

Critical objective for new DHS

• prevent terrorists attacks within the US

• reduce americas vulnerability to terrorism

• minimize the damage from attacks or natural disasters

Immediate impacts of new DHS

• Combined 22 agencies / 4 cabinet-level departments

• Centralized system for evaluating risks of incoming travelers

• TSA replaced local companies in airports

• National Counter-Terrorism Center established (first effort)

• 100 new fusions center / data sharing agreements

• FAA “no Fly” list went from 16 to 81,000 people

cargo and personal luggage could not bring what?

threats to US.S

NEW LIST OF US FEDERAL AGENCIES: (4-levels)

1. Department of Defense (1.5 million civillians)

2. Veteran (400K civillians)

3. DHS (240k)

4. DOJ (115k)

Department of Homeland Security:

office of secretary, us cost guard, secrete service, customs and border protection, FEMA, TSA, and CISA (newest) - cyber secuirty

4 divison the new department had

border and transportation security, emergency preparedness and response divison, science and technology, and information analysis and infrastrycre protection

True or False: Democide is when non-state terrorist groups seek to maximize the number of casualties in overseas terrorist attacks.

false

Shay’s Rebellion is often referred to as the first example of the US government pursuing homeland security.

true

True or False: In the lecture, I explained that because the FBI has to investigate a wide variety of crimes, therefore, it is not surprising that the FBI uses a definition of terrorism that stands out because it defines terrorist acts narrowly to just those committed by non-state actors killing civilians

false

True or False: DHS is required under its founding legislation to do a Quadrennial Review every 4 years to ensure that new agency’s strategy and plans remain on track.

true

True or False: Like the Secret Service, CISA already existed under the US Treasury and was transferred to DHS.

false

True or False: After the Department of Defense, and the Department of Veterans Affairs, DHS has become the 3rd largest US Federal agency after the US Department of Defense.

true

dod, veterans, dhs, doj

True or False: a major tug of war over the future home of the Secret Service, which for two centuries has guarded the US currency, left it under the control of the Department of Treasury

false

True or False: The DHS is not just focused on federal law enforcement cooperation but also funds regional law enforcement fusion centers.

true

True or False: Over the last two decades, DHS has stood up new headquarter structures to allow it to operate from a common, centralized campus for management of its diverse component agencies.

true

st elizabeths campus

The textbook reviewed the five key mission areas of DHS, with which of the following tasks being added last to the Department in 2007:

1. prevent terrorist from entering the country

2. security of the US borders, be they land, sea, or air

3. enforcement of our nations immigration laws

4. protection of cyberspace

5. prepare in advance and respond quickly to emergency

The September 11, 2001 use of planes to attack buildings in New York and Washington DC was not the first case of a terrorist trying to use planes as a weapon. Which of the following describes the first incident:

samuel byck