Genetics Unit Review Flashcards

Define Gene

A segment of DNA that codes for a given trait.

Define Allele and give an example

The variation or version of a gene.

Ex. B = black or b = blonde

Define Genotype and give an example

The collection of alleles that one has

Ex. BB = black & bb = blonde

Define Phenotype and give an example

The physical expression one has for a gene.

Ex. Black or blonde hair

Define Dominant and give an example

Given a heterozygous genotype, this is the trait expressed

Ex. Bb (B is dominant over b)

Define Recessive and give an example

Given a heterozygous genotype this is the trait that is not expressed phenotypically, or the trait that is hidden

Ex. Bb (b is recessive)

Define Homozygous and give an example

Having identical alleles for a gene

Ex. Black = BB or Blonde = bb

Define Heterozygous and give an example

Having differnt alleles for a gene

Ex. Bb = one black and one blonde

What is the difference between the P, F1 and F2 generation?

P: Identify the given traits of the parents

F1: Cross the parents genotypes

F2: The possibilities of the offspring

Define Mendels law of Dominance

One allele is dominant over the other

Define Mendels law of Segregation

You only pass one of your alleles

Define Mendels law of Independent Assortment

Alleles for different traits are distributed independently

What is the format for a phenotypic ratio for a Dihybrid Cross?

dom/dom:dom/rec:rec/dom:rec/rec

What is the format for a genotypic ratio

AA: Aa: aa

List the type of antigens and antibodies of Type A+ blood

List the type of antigens and antibodies of Type B- blood

List the type of antigens and antibodies Type O+ blood has

List the type of antigens and antibodies Type AB- blood has

What are the blood types A- can donate and recieve

What are the blood types B+ can donate and recieve

What are the types of blood type AB- can donate and receive

What are the types of blood O+ can donate and recieve

O+ Can Donate To:

• O+

• A+

• B+

• AB+

O+ Can Receive From:

• O+

• O-

What is the format of the phenotypic ratio of a monohybrid cross?

dom:rec