11-01: Matter, Trends, & Bonding

Covalent

and ionic bonds are the strong attractions that hold atoms together within compounds.

Binary compounds

are written with the cation first and then named by changing the ending of the second element to "ide "(always put the metal first)

Hydrogens

attached to polyatomic ions create compounds that are oxyacids when dissolved in water.

Binary ionic compounds

are composed of only 2 elements (eg.

Electronegativity

is a measure of the attraction of atoms for shared electrons.

Nonmetals

tend to react by gaining electrons so they become more reactive up a group, and also more reactive across a period.

Bohr Rutherford

diagrams and /or Lewis dot symbols are used to show the number of subatomic particles in atoms and help to understand bondingIons:

Ions

form when electrons are added /removed to produce a complete outer shell.

Multiple charges

are possible with atoms that possess a more complex (complicated) electron configuration (the way that the electrons are arranged) Isotopes:

anion

When a(n) (negative) forms, the radius increases because extra electrons repel each other.

nucleus of some isotopes

The is unstable and will decay.