chemistry atom notes

How do you count protons, neutrons, and electrons in an atom?

Protons and neutrons are found in the nucleus, electrons orbit around the nucleus.

What is an isotope?

An isotope is an atom of the same element that has the same number of protons but a different number of neutrons.

How is atomic mass calculated?

Atomic mass is the average mass of all isotopes of an element, weighted by their abundance.

How do you determine the number of neutrons in an atom?

Subtract the atomic number from the atomic mass (Neutrons = Atomic mass - Atomic number).

What is the formula for calculating the average atomic mass?

Sum of (mass of isotope × its relative abundance).

What are the parts of an atom?

Protons, neutrons, and electrons.

How is the atomic number related to an element?

The atomic number equals the number of protons in an atom.

What is the significance of the atomic number?

It defines the element and determines the number of protons.

How do isotopes of the same element differ?

They have different numbers of neutrons.

What are the charges of protons, neutrons, and electrons?

Protons are positive, neutrons are neutral, electrons are negative.

How do you find the mass number?

Add the number of protons and neutrons.

What does the periodic table show about atomic mass?

The atomic mass is listed as an average, considering isotope abundance.