Chemistry- Unit 5

Ion

Anything with a charge

How do metals become cations

Lose electrons

How do nonmetals become anions

Gain electrons

Isoelctronic

same electron configuration

Ionic bond

The attraction between oppositely charged ions (electron attraction)

Duet rule

H and Li want 2ve- (to be like He)

Octet rule

All other elements want 8ve- (to be like noble gases)

Naming cations

Element + “ion”

Naming anions

dropping the ending and adding “-ide”

Naming Transitions metals

the element name + its charge in roman numerals

Exceptions to the naming rules

Sn and Ag don’t behave like transition metals (roman numerals)

Sn and Pb DO behave like transition metals

Subscript

Number of atoms of Ions in a compound

Polyatomic ion

A group of atoms with a charge. They function as simple (monatomic) ions

Ionic compound

Metal with a non-metal

Covalent compond

Non-metal with metal (or metalloid)

Numerical prefixes

1. Mono-

2. di-

3. tri-

4. tetra-

5. penta-

6. hexa-

7. hepta

8. octa-

9. nona-

10. deca-

Acid

produce Hydrogen when dissolved in water (H^+ is a proton)

All acids start with H