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Paleolithic Era

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50 Terms

1

Paleolithic Era

old stone age, a long period of human development before the development of agriculture

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2

Neolithic Revolution

New stone age which was marked by the discovery and mastery of agriculture

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3

Twelve Tables

Rome's first set of laws, established in 449 B.C.E

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4

Matrilineal

kinship with mother of female line

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5

polytheistic

the belief or worship of more than 1 god

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6

agriculture

science/ practice of farming growing crops to provide food

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7

specialization of labor

companies divide their production or service processes into several set tasks

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8

judaism

monotheistic religion developed among anciet hebrews, civilization of jewish people

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9

irrigation

practive of applying controlled amounts of water to land to help grow crops

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10

Fertile Crescet

region of the middle east that stretches in a large crescent-shaped curve from Persian gulf to the medirrranean sea

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11

Mesoptamia

It is a historic region of West Asia within the Tigris-Euphrates river system. In fact, the word Mesopotamia means "between rivers" in Greek. Home to the ancient civilizations of Sumer, Assyria, and Babylonia these peoples are credited with influencing mathematics and astronomy.

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12

city-state

urban areas that controlled surrounding agricultural regions that were often loosely connected in a broader political structure with other city-states

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13

pastoralism

part of agriculture that deals with animal livestock

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14

empire

political unit made up of several states or countries under single supreme authority

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15

hammurabi's code

sophisticated law code as associated with the Babylone King Hammurabi

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16

metallurgy

branch of science and technology concerned with properties of metals, production, and purification

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17

patriarchy

society of gov where father or male descent of family is the head

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18

cuenifrorm

written language of the Sumerians, probably the 1st written script in the world

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19

syncretism

practice of combining different beliefs + traditions

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20

Phoenicians

an ancient Semitic civilization originating in Levant region of the Eastern Meditteranean (Modern Leabanon)

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21

Feudalism

social system in Europe in which people murked and fought for nobles who gave protection and use of land in return

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22

monotheism

belief in only one god, a rare concept in the ancient world

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23

manorialism

social system by which peasants of Medieval Europe were rendered dependant on their land and on their lord

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24

filial peity

attitude of respect for parents + ancestors in societies

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25

theocracy

system of government in which priests rule in the name of God or in a god

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26

caliphates

area/government under a caliph

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27

bantu migrations

a large population movement from original homeland (west-central africa) to easten + southern regions of Africa

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28

aryan migrations

migrations into the Indian subcontinent Indo-Aryan peoples

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29

zoroastrianism

Persian religion based on the teaching of the sixth-century prophet Zarathaustra emphasis on duality of good and evil in individuals

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30

Qanat

a system for transporting water from an aquifer or water well to the surface, through an underground aqueduct

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31

caste system

class structured by birth, system of social hiearchy

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32

monsoon system

system that seasonally reverse its direction they blow from cold to warm regions

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33

sanskrit

sacred language of Hindusim ancient and classical languages of India

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34

Mandate of Heaven

Chinese belief that the emperors ruled through the mandate, or approval, of heaven contingent on their ability to look after the welfare of the population.

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35

Buddihsm

religion based on 4 noble truths, associated with Siddhartha Guatama or Buddha

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36

confucianism

philosophy based on the teachings of the chinese philosopher Kong Fuzi -> emphasizes order, the role of the gentleman obligation to society

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37

hinduism

Main religion of India, a combination of Dravidian and Aryan concepts; Hinduism's goal is to reach spiritual purity and union with the great world spirit

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38

Islam

monotheistic religion, announced by prophet Muhammad influenced bu Judaism and Christianity

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39

great schism

ongoing break of communion between the Roman Catholic and Eastern Orthodox Churches religion disagreements

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40

eastern orhtodox

one of 3 main branches of Chalcedonian Christianity where they have maintaned a focus on the union of the 3 persons in God, union of deity + humanity in christ

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41

silk roads

An extensive network of trade routes that linked much of Eurasia with North Africa during the Classical Period.

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42

republic

a state in which supreme power is held by the people and their elected representatives, and which has an elected or nominated president rather than a monarch.

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43

democracy

a form of government in which the supreme power is vested in the people

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44

qin dynasty

first dynasty in Imperial China that built much of the Great Wall

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45

Han Dynasty

Imperial Dynasty of China, established bu Liu Bang, expanded its boundaries and developed its bureaucracy

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46

epidemic disease

the rapid spread of infectious disease to a large number of people in a given population within a short period of time

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47

cultural diffusion

the spreading out of culture, culture traits, or a cultural pattern from a central point.

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48

Sinicization

Process by which non-Han Chinese people come under the cultural or political domination of Han Chinese.

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49

Byzatine Empire

long-lasting empire centered at Constantinopole; it grew out of the end of Roman Empire, carried the legacy of Roman greatness and was the only classical society to survive into the early modern age

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50

caravanserai

a roadside inn where travelers could rest and recover from the day's journey

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