History Exam

38th Parallel

The border between North Korea (communist) and South Korea (democratic).

Joseph McCarthy

U.S. Senator who claimed to have a list of communists who worked for the U.S. Government, yet an investigation of the list revealed nothing.

Credit

One of the ways that businesses increased sells by allowing customers to buy expensive products with a down payment and paying the balance with small monthly payments.

Bolsheviks

The group of people that took over Russia and made it Communist and whose ideas started the Red Scare in the U.S.

Scopes Monkey Trials

The trial that involved a public school educator, John Scopes, who was arrested for teaching evolution or the development of man that turned into a science V's Religion issue.

Charles Lindbergh

The popular American hero who flew alone across from New York to France crossing the Atlantic Ocean.

Harlem Renaissance

The movement that placed great pride in African-American culture.

Henry Ford

The man who developed the assembly line that produced cars in greater numbers and lowered the prices.

22nd Amendment

The amendment that was created to limit U.S. Presidents to serve only two terms since many people felt that being elected to serve four terms as president, like Roosevelt, made a person too powerful.

Father Coughlin

One of Roosevelt's critics that wanted the government to take over banks and utilities during America's economic crisis.

Securities Exchange Commission

Part of the New Deal's-Reform that set rules on the exchange of stocks and also prohibited from buying them on the margin during America's economic crisis.

National Recovery Administration

Part of the New Deal's-Recovery that asked businesses to follow codes, standard prices, limit how much products they made, and set minimum wages during America's economic crisis.

Banking Practices

One of the main causes that led to America's economic crisis in which U.S. Banks were investing people's money without them knowing and lost it all when the stock market crashed.

Civilian Conservation Corps

The federal organization under The New Deal's-Relief that created jobs for young men going through America's economic crisis.

Appeasement

The idea of the British and French that if they gave Adolf Hitler Czechoslovakia he would stop demanding territories and one of the main reasons for the war.

World War II

The war in which the allies or the British, French, and U.S. fought the axis powers or the Germans, Italians, and Japanese.

Poland

The country that Hitler took by force after the British and French gave him Czechoslovakia and one of the main reasons for the war.

Rationing Coupons

Used during the war to limit the use of goods to make sure that American Soldiers had enough to fight the war.

War Bonds

The way that the U.S. Government raised money for the war.

Mexican Americans

The minority group in the U.S. that served primarily in the Army and Navy during the war.

Pearl Harbor

The island where the Japanese attacked the U.S. and the main reason why America joined the war.

Victory Gardens

The idea of Americans planting vegetables and fruits at home in order to make sure that U.S. Soldiers had enough food to fight the war.

Code Talkers

The group of Navajo Indians that helped the U.S. by using their language to communicate during the war.

Tuskegee Airmen

The African Americans in the U.S. that served as escorts to bombers during the war.

Executive Order 9066

The order by the U.S. Government that placed Japanese-Americans in internment camps during the war.

Battle of Normandy

The battle to liberate France from the Germans during the war.

The Holocaust

Hitler's final solution of committing genocide or trying to kill all the Jewish People.

Battle of Midway

The battle in which the Japanese Aircraft Carriers were destroyed by U.S. Admiral Chester Nimitz and the turning point in which the war started to favor the U.S.

Island Hoping

The process of how the U.S. hoped from island to island under Douglas MacArthur and Admiral Chester Nimitz to ultimately attack Japan during the war.

Hiroshima & Nagasaki

The two cities that the U.S. dropped atomic bombs on that made Japan surrender during the war.

Nuremberg Trials

The trials in which Nazi leaders were taken to court and were either hanged or imprisoned at the end of the war.

Japan

The country that attacked the U.S. at Pearl Harbor and made America join the war.

Bataan Death March

The event in which the Japanese forced 2,500 U.S. and Filipino soldiers to walk 60 miles through jungle only to die along the way or be executed.

Allies

The name of the group of countries that fought the war on the British, French and U.S. side.

Axis

The name of the group of countries that fought the war on the German, Italian, and Japanese side.

Adolf Hitler

The leader of Germany that caused W.W. II by taking Poland by force.

Joseph Stalin

The leader of Russia that made it communist and that promised to help Hitler if needed.

Communism

The type of government that controls all businesses and distributes products evenly to its people.

Benito Mussolini

The leader of Italy that promised to help Hitler if needed.

Quarantine Speech

The encouragement by Franklin Delano Roosevelt for democratic countries to boycott aggressive countries during the war.

Lend Lease Act

The U.S. policy that allowed selling, lending, or leasing war material to democratic countries during the war.

Cash and Carry Policy

The U.S. policy that allowed people to sell nonmilitary goods to democratic countries during the war.

Neutrality Acts 1935-1937

The U.S. laws that prohibited Americans from using ships or selling arms to countries at war.

Atlantic Charter

The agreement signed by Britain and the U.S. where freedom of speech, religion, want (to have the basics in life), and fear (to reduce weapons) became the goals of the war even though America was still not in it.

Office of War Information

The U.S. agency that produced posters and movies to inform the public about the war.

Voice of America

The U.S. agency that shared news about the war with the world.

Vernon Baker

African American hero that alone destroyed 3 machine guns nests, 2 observations posts, and 2 bunkers during the war.

Final Solution

Hitler's answer of killing all the Jews.

U.S. Admiral Chester Nimitz

The military officer that destroyed the Japanese aircraft carriers in the Battle of Midway.

Douglas MacArthur

One of the military officers that lead the effort of Island Hopping to eventually attack Japan.

John Steinbeck

The author of the Grapes of Wrath which was based on the farmers from the Great Plains living through the Dust Bowl (drought) and moving west to California to work in the fields during America's economic crisis.

Dorothea Lange

The photo journalist that recorder the experiences of people going through America's economic crisis.

Dust Bowl

The event in which farmers from the Great Plains lived through a severe drought and were forced to move to California and find work in the fields during America's economic crisis.

The New Deal

President Roosevelt's idea of Relief, Recovery, and Reform that focused on creating jobs for Americans in order to get them through America's economic crisis.

Hoovervilles

The towns that were set up in the outskirts of cities where the homeless and unemployed lived in houses made out of cardboard and canvas during America's economic crisis.

Schechter Poultry V's U.S.

The court case where a company refused to follow Roosevelt's New Deal of setting up standard prices, limiting the amount of products they made, and setting minimum wages which the U.S. Supreme Court ruled to be unconstitutional during America's economic crisis.

FDR's Court Packing Plan

Roosevelt's proposal and answer to Schechter Poultry V's U.S. of adding a judge to the Supreme Court for every Judge over the age of 70 during America's economic crisis.

Speculation

The process of how people bought products on credit and stocks on the margin (with bank loans) in the hopes of paying back and making money, yet it led to America's economic crisis.

Black Tuesday

The day in 1929 when the Stock Market crashed that led to America's economic crisis.

Mexican Repatriation

The deportation of legal and illegal Mexicans that were living in the U.S. in order to save jobs for Americans during America's economic crisis.

F.D.I.C.

Part of the New Deal's-Reform in which banks insured the money that was deposited during America's economic crisis.

Social Security Act

Part of the New Deal's-Reform which provided unemployment insurance and retirement to people during America's economic crisis.

The Great Depression

The time period of America's economic crisis.

10-29-1929

The date in which America's economic crisis started.

International Trade

One of the main causes that lead to America's economic crisis in which U.S. goods were taxed at a higher rate and did not sell globally.

Overproduction

One of the main causes that led to America's economic crisis in which U.S. Companies made too many goods that did not sell.

Factories Closed

One of the main effects of America's economic crisis in which people lost their jobs, homes, and families.

Reconstruction Finance Corporation

Agency created during America's economic crisis by President Hoover that was suppose to lend money to banks and businesses in order for the money to get to the people, yet the company kept the money.

Rugged Individualism

One of President Hoover's belief that American people did not need any help during America's economic crisis because they could help themselves.

Private Organizations

The agencies that President Hoover believed would help the people during America's economic crisis.

Relief

Part of the New Deal that directly helped people during America's economic crisis.

Banking Holiday

Part of the New Deal's-Relief that closed the banks until they were stable to serve the public during America's economic crisis.

Works Progress Administration

Part of the New Deal's-Relief that created jobs for artists, writers, and musicians during America's economic crisis.

Public Works Administration

Part of the New Deal's-Relief that created jobs for people in parks, school, and other public places during America's economic crisis.

Recovery

Part of the New Deal that directly placed money in the economy in order get it going during America's economic crisis.

Priming The Pump

Part of the New Deal's-Recovery that directly placed money in the economy in order to create jobs during America's economic crisis.

Agriculture Adjustment Act

Part of the New Deal's-Recovery that controlled agriculture during America's economic crisis.

Reform

Part of the New Deal that corrected business abuses by creating public-government projects during America's economic crisis.

Tennessee Valley Authority

Part of the New Deal's-Reform that built dams to provide flood control and cheap electricity for the people during America's economic crisis.

Dr. Townsend

One of Roosevelt's critics that wanted to give people that were 65 years or older $200.00 a month during America's economic crisis.

Liberty League

One of Roosevelt's critics that claimed that Roosevelt wanted to start a dictatorship because he challenged the Supreme Court and was elected four times as president during America's economic crisis.

Huey Long

One of Roosevelt's critics that wanted to give families $5,000 a year during America's economic crisis.

Fiat Money

The monetary system that replaced the gold standard or money backed up by gold to paper money that is backed up by the good faith of the U.S. in order to print more money for the New Deal Program.

Teapot Dome Scandal

The incident where the U.S. Secretary of The Interior leased (rented) oil rich lands to his personal friends in return for bribes.

Red Scare

The fear of the Americans that the Bolsheviks or Communism would take over the U.S.

Palmer Raids

The event when the U.S. Attorney General order 4,000 people arrested without warrants due to a bomb exploding close to his home.

K.K.K.

An old criminal organization that formed again due to African- Americans migrating north and competing with Whites for jobs.

Sacco & Vanzetti Trial

The case of two immigrants who killed a man during a robbery to support an anarchist movement and executed even though no real evidence existed.

Speculation Boom

The increase of buying stocks (parts of companies) on the margin (with bank loans) and hoping to make money.

The Great Migration

The event where over two million African Americans moved north to escape racism and find better jobs.

Flappers

American Women who wore short dresses, used a lot of makeup, and smoked publicly in the early twentieth century.

The Lost Generation

The group of writers who rejected material wealth and wrote for the sake of writing that included Ernest Hemingway, Sinclair Lewis, and F. Scott Fitzgerald.

Prohibition

The time period when alcohol was illegal.

Eugenics

The belief that the human race could be improved by selectively breeding.

21st Amendment

The amendment that repealed prohibition and made alcohol legal again.

1920's

The time period when Americans were taking it easy and enjoying the victory of World War I.

Clarence Darrow

The lawyer that represented John scopes in the Scopes Monkey Trials.

Langston Hughes

One of the Harlem Renaissance leaders that attacked racism through poetry.

Marcus Garvey

One of the Harlem Renaissance leaders who started the Back to Africa Movement telling African Americans to move back to Africa.