Heuristic- mental short cut to make decision

Insight- discernment of a solution to a problem by means that are not obvious

Algorithm- step-by-step procedures

Sleep Apnea- breathing irregularity while sleeping

Narcolepsy- sleep disorder that makes people very drowsy during the day

Insomnia- trouble falling asleep

Night Terrors- a person quickly awakens from sleep in a terrified state

Iconic memory- brief memory of of a visual image

Short-term Memory- holding a small amount of info for a brief period of time

Episodic Memory- recollection of a personal experience that contains when and where it happened

Semantic Memory- conscious long-term memory for meaning, understanding and conceptual facts about the world

Ventromedial hypothalamus- region of the hypothalamus primarily associated with feelings of hunger

Lateral Hypothalamus- Controls hunger

Rods- specialized photoreceptors that work well in low light

Cones- receptor cells that help us see fine details, daylight and color

Lens- front of eye behind the pupil. Focuses light rays and make an image on the retina

Optic Nerve- carry visual messages

Morpheme- smallest units of speech that convey meaning

Phoneme- smallest units of sound that are recognizable

Lexicon- knowledge of an individual

Syntax- cognitive capacity of humans that allow us to connect linguistic meaning with linguistic form

EEG- machine that records brain-wave patterns produced by electrical activity

CAT- use x-rays to create 3D representation of organ. Identifies muscle, bone disorder, tumor, or blood clot

PET- radioactive sugar/glucole injected and compiles color-coded image of brain

MRI - uses radio waves and magnetic fields to produce 3D images