MIS Rutgers

Moore's Law

the observation that computing power roughly doubles every two years. price will go down.

Five components of MIS

hardware, software, data, procedures, people

SaaS

Software as a Service

BYOD

Bring Your Own Device

social capital

the networks of relationships among people who live and work in a particular society, enabling that society to function effectively.

SQL

Structured Query Language

*does not like space

* statements end with semi-colon ( ; )

*case sensitive

What's the Most popular Database?

Relational Database

relational database

relational database is based on relationships between two tables

Types of Relationships

one to one 1:1

one to many 1:N

many to many N:M

many to one N:1

three types of enterprise version of database

IBM = DB2

ORACLE = ORACLE DATABASE

MICROSOFT = SQL SERVER

Microsoft Access

One person version of database

Primary Key

A field (or group of fields) that uniquely identifies a given entity in a table.

*does not allow duplicates

*does not allow blanks

ALTER command

Alter table tbldepartment

add dept_mgr_name char(50);

DROP TABLE command

drop table tbldepartment;

CREATE TABLE command

create table tbldepartment

(dept_id char(3) primary key,

dept_name char(20));

Foreign Key

A primary key from one table that is used in another table.

* allows blanks and duplicates

server farm

large collection of coordinated servers

Binary Code

The most basic language a computer understands, it is composed of a series of 0s and 1s. The computer interprets the code to form numbers, letters, punctuation marks, and symbols.

DDL

Data Definition Language

CREATE, ALTER, DROP

DML

Data manipulation language

Insert into

delete from

update

select

INSERT INTO Statement

INSERT INTO tblemployee

VALUES ('111', 'doe', 'john', 'AAA');

Delete From Statement

DELETE *

FROM tblemployee

WHERE emp_id='111';

UPDATE Statement

UPDATE tblemployee SET last_name = 'patel'

WHERE emp_id='111';

SELECT * FROM statement

SELECT *

FROM tbldepartment;

1 byte

8 bits

Referential Integrity

A set of rules that Access enforces to maintain consistency between related tables when you update data in a database.

A row is called a

record

Views in Access

datasheet view

design view

DBMS

Database management system,

a software suite designed to organize and search data.

controls who can access data

RAM

Random Access Memory; volatile

columns are called

fields

Meta-Data

a set of data that describes and gives information about other data.

*Data Dictionary

Components of a Database

tables or files

relationships among rows in tables

metadata

Four DBMS operations

1. Read

2. Insert

3. Modify

4. Delete data

Components of a Database Application System

User, Database Application, DBMS, Database

basic categories of computer software

Client server

E-R Diagram

Entity-Relationship Diagram.

A diagram that represents the entities in a Database and the relations between them.

relationship diagram

the table with foreign key, allows duplicate, has many relationship

cache memory

a type of high-speed memory that a processor can access more rapidly than main memory. small memory that is used to access most recently visited websites.

*volatile

VBA

Visual Basic for Applications. The macro programming language available in Excel .

virtual memory

a portion of a storage medium functioning as additional RAM

(Memory swapping is slow)

Hardrive

The main storage device in a computer.

Non-volatile

thin-client application

a software application that requires nothing more than a browser

PC virtualization

a personal computer hosts several different operating systems

thick-client application

A software application that requires programs other than just the browser on a user's computer

All Excel formulas begin with the ____.

equal sign (=)

Auto excel functions

Auto calculate

Auto sum

auto-fit

auto-fil

HTML

Hypertext Markup Language

license

rights to use specific number of copies

limit vendor liability

open sourse software

free usage license

F4 key

Absolute reference

Firmware

System software that controls hardware devices.

Types of reference in excel

Relative Reference (the default reference)

Mixed Reference

Absolute reference( locks values)

Ctrl G

gives you go to box( search cell range)

source code

computer code as written by humans and understandable by humans

Goal Seek

allows you to change a single cell value

*What if analysis

Name Box

The cell reference area located below the Ribbon, which displays the cell reference of the active cell.

F3

Gives you past cell names

nested function

a function within a function

nested if statement

=IF(D2>89,"A",IF(D2>79,"B",IF(D2>69,"C",IF(D2>59,"D","F"))))

command tabs

Task-oriented tabs that are organized on the ribbon.

screen tips

A small, onscreen rectangle that displays descriptive text when you rest the pointer on a command or control.

formular bar

a bar that displays the value or formula entered in the active cell

Backstage view

The view that opens when you click the File tab, containing commands for managing files, setting program options, and printing.

Push vs. Pull

push: Sending information

Pull: is opening pushed information

Auto Calculate

doesn't require formula or cell, answer shown in status bar

fill handle

The small black square in the lower right corner of a selected cell

Auto Fill

An Excel feature that automatically fill cells with data, formatting, or both.

Auto Correct

A feature that replaces symbols, commonly misspelled words, and abbreviations with specific text strings.

auto fit

A software feature that automatically adjusts the width and height of a column, row, cell, or header.

Pivot Table

The tool used by most spreadsheet programs to create a summary table.

*Delete source data will not delete from the pivot table.

*you have to refresh under analysis

Insert Slicer

allows you to sort or filter pivot table data

What-if analysis

Goal seek( one value)

Scenario Manager

Solver (add in)

Solver

An Excel add-in that searches for the optimal solution to a problem involving several variables.

*Allows you to change more than one cell range

Future Value(FV) Formula

Present Value(PV) Formula

NPV (net present value) Formula

IF function

Sum ifs=

average ifs=

Count ifs=

VLOOKUP

uses a lookup table that is organized in vertical columns

HLOOKUP

An Excel function that looks up values that are displayed horizontally in a row.

Freeze Panes

A command that enables you to select one or more rows or columns and freeze (lock) them into place; the locked rows and columns become separate panes.

Error Excel

#value= something is wrong

#######= column not big enough

#Div/0= cannot divide by zero

OR function

A logical function that returns TRUE if either part of the condition is true.

Data Validation

used to enforce rule, also makes the rule

*circle invalid data does not correct data

error alert

Stop- More restrictive

Warning

Protect Work sheet

allows you to choose which cells can be edited. lock cells to prevent change to work

Protect Workbook

Macro

are programs that carry out routine, repetitive task.

*default reference is absolute

*the default options in excel trust center is disable all macros

conditional formatting

Formatting that is applied to a cell when a specified condition is met.

Data visualization

format cells with icons, fill color, or shaded bars to distinguish values

Data Visualization commands

data bars, color scales, icon sets

PMT function

Format Painter

copies and pastes formatting from one cell or range to another without duplicating any data

Merge and Center

Combine cells and center the contents.

Wrap Text

displaying the cell contents on multiple lines, rather than one long line.

And Function

test multiple condition and show true only when all conditions are met

VBE (Visual Basic Editor)

Visual Basic Editor is an application that run in a separate window from Excel. used to edit Macro

Add the Developer tab to the Ribbon.

Click the File tab. Click Options to open the Excel Options dialog. Click Customize Ribbon. At the right side of the Customize the Ribbon window, the Customize the Ribbon list shows all the tab and groups available. Click the Developer check box to add the Developer tab to the Ribbon. Click OK.

How to lock a cell

how to protect a workbook