dosage form design

reasons for using dosage forms

dose accuracy/uniformity

compliance/pt acceptance

improved bioavailability

stability of drug

rate controlled drug action

optimal administration of a drug into the body

tablet DDS

solid in a compressed powder

powder-filled capsules DDS

solid in a noncompressed powder

liquid-filled capsules DDS

solid or molecules in vegetable oil

suppository

solid or molecules in waxy, water-miscible or water immiscible base

solution DDS

molecules

ointment DDS

solid or molecules in a semisolid oleaginous base

suspension DDS

solid in an aqueous or nonaqueous liquid

cream DDS

solid or molecules in a semisolid water miscible or immiscible cream base

gel DDS

solid or molecules in a water-miscible semisolid gel base

aerosol

solid or molecules in a gas, liquid, or semisolid base

excipients

intended pharmacologically inactive substance formulated alongside a drug in a medication

rarely are functionally inactive

may have biological implications

API

molecule which exerts a biochemical or physiological effect

excipients function as:

suspending agnets

flavor/color adders

thickening/viscosity agents

emulsifier

stabilizer

preserver

diluent/bulking agent

compression

solubilizer/dissolution agent

physiochemical dosage form considerations

particle size

solubility

crystallinity

salt form

hydration

ionization

partition coefficient

hydrophilicity

organoleptic/taste

stability

biopharmaceutical dosage form considerations

ADME

route of administration

therapeutic dosage form considerations

pathophysiology (disease state)

systemic/local

emergency

targets/toxicity

onset/frequency (chronic vs acute dosing)

age/weight