the odyssey - all character quotes
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174 Terms
Odysseus’ epithets
‘resourceful,’ ‘quick-witted,’ ‘noble,’ ‘much-enduring patient,’ ‘wily’
at the start of Book 5 Odysseus is described
‘pining on a lonely island far away in the middle of the seas’
Odysseus ruled Ithaca
‘like a loving father’
on Calypso’s Island Odysseus is
‘torturing himself with tears, groans and heartache’ and ‘I long to reach my home’
Odysseus built the boat
‘skilfully’
Book 6 – when he reaches the land of the Phaeacians he is a
‘gruesome sight’
how Odysseus flatters Nausicaa
‘are you some goddess?’ ‘I am overcome with awe,’ ‘spellbound at the sight’
Alcinous describes Odysseus
‘like an immortal god’
the Bard says about Odysseus’ deeds
‘one of the famous deeds of the heroes’
while the Bard was singing
Odysseus ‘heart was melting with grief’ and he was ‘weeping bitterly without pause’
Odysseus’ men are both
‘under [my] command’ and his ’loyal companions’
Book 9 Odysseus shows consideration with the Cyclopes
‘I planned to... draw my sharp sword’ ‘on second thoughts I refrained’
Book 9 – Odysseus tricks the Cyclops by
saying his name is ‘Nobody’
Odysseus being a fair leader;
‘we then divided our spoil so that no one... should go short of his proper share’
Odysseus being a leader
‘I roused my men and ordered them to go back on board’
Odysseus’ hindsight after Aeolus;
‘senseless stupidity’
Odysseus’ endurance
‘I stayed and endured’
Describes his men to Aeolus as ‘an untrustworthy crew’ and
addresses his men as ‘comrades in suffering’
Odysseus’ leaves Elpenor’s body without burial;
‘we had left his corpse unburied and unwept in Circe’s palace’
Odysseus’ kleos; ‘one look was enough to tell Heracles who I was,’
’the soul of Achilles... recognised me’
Odysseus’ boasting;
‘my courage, strategy and intelligence found a way out for us even from [the Cyclopes]’
Odysseus’ piety;
‘I went inland to pray to the gods in hope that one of them might show me a way of escape’
Odysseus blames the gods for his men eating the sun gods’ sheep;
‘so it was to ruin me that you lulled me into that cruel sleep’
Odysseus as an excellent orator;
‘held in the spell of his words’
Odysseus is described by Athene as;
‘an obstinate, cunning and irrepressible intriguer,’ ‘so persuasive, so quick-witted, so self-possessed'
Odysseus calls Ithaca;
‘beloved land’
Odysseus thinks like;
’the schemer and soldier that he was’
Odysseus’ response to Antinous’ insults;
‘stood firm as a rock...filled with thoughts of revenge’
Odysseus’ physical build;
‘fine massive thighs... broad shoulders... brawny arms’
Odysseus’ response to Eurymachus throwing a stool at him;
‘fearing his attack, ducked down’
Odysseus’ plan to deal with the Suitors;
‘Telemachus and I will keep these arrogant Suitors penned up in the hall no matter how hard they fight’
Odysseus’ stance above the dead Suitors;
‘like a lion’
Odysseus’ response to Penelope asking to move his bed out;
‘your words are like a knife in my heart!’
Odysseus’ reunion with his father is the first time he loses control;
‘Odysseus’ heart was touched... he rushed forward, flung his arms around his neck, and kissed him’
epithets for Telemachus;
‘thoughtful,’ ‘brave,’ ‘prudent’
Book 1 – first presented as immature and naive, fantasizing about his father coming to save their house as he is unable to;
‘Telemachus the god like youth, who was sitting disconsolate among the Suitors, imagining how his noble father might come back’
Book 1 – Telemachus shows xenia to Athene in disguise;
‘welcome, friend! You can tell us what has brought you here when you have had some food’
Book 1 – Telemachus is unsure of his identity;
‘my mother certainly says I am Odysseus’ son; but for myself I cannot tell’
Book 1 – Athene’s visit inspired confidence and manliness in him, contrast to prior ‘godlike youth’ he is now;
‘godlike himself’
Book 2 – Telemachus now feels powerful enough to have authorial status and a new sense of dominance that he can admonish his mother. Tension in their relationship highlights the theme of male dominance and patriarchy in ancient Greece;
‘I am the master in this house’
Book 2 – proof of Telemachus’ power and status in society;
‘the elders made way for him as he took his father’s seat’
Book 2 – Telemachus’ epithet has parallels to his own father, acts spoilt to the Suitors, demonstrating authority earnt through bloodline and his father, not himself;
‘prudent Telemachus/ my own house, and the servants who my royal father won me at war’
Book 2 – Telemachus being childish;
‘he burst into tears’
Book 2 – Telemachus' filial duty
‘impossible for me to cast out... my mother who bore me and brought me up’
Book 3 – Telemachus is socially awkward and afraid to talk to his elders, which is a sign of respect. He appears shy and inexperienced;
‘Telemachus, you must forget your diffidence: there is no occasion here for it at all/ It is embarrassing for a young man to question one so much his senior’
Book 14 – Telemachus being pragmatic; tells Eumaeus to tell Penelope of his return home, but
‘let none of the others hear it. there are plenty of them plotting to harm me’
Book 16 – Telemachus being pious to Odysseus (who he thinks is a god);
‘we will make you pleasing sacrifice and offerings of wrought gold’
Book 16 – Telemachus' disbelief at Odysseus revealing himself;
‘Telemachus could not yet accept that it was his father’
Book 16 - Telemachus’ realization of his father’s identity;
he ‘flung his arms around his noble father’s neck and burst into tears’
Book 16 - Telemachus acting as his father’s equal;
‘I feel that we would gain nothing by acting as you suggest and I urge you to think once more’
Book 16 - Telemachus’ use of a spear;
‘his strong spear that so well fitted his grasp’
Book 18 - Telemachus’ statement of maturity;
‘I am not the child I was,’ ‘my childhood is a thing of the past’
Book 20 -Telemachus’ looks;
‘like a young god’
Book 20 - Telemachus’ cunning;
‘with clever calculation’
Book 21 - Telemachus controls the Suitors;
‘there is not one of them who will override my decision’
Book 21 – Telemachus' statement of authority;
‘I may be young, but I am more powerful than you’
Book 21 – Telemachus still follows his father;
‘Telemachus obeyed his father’
Book 21 – Telemachus’ sense of justice
‘the man is innocent. Don't kill him’
Book 22 – Telemachus continues Odysseus’ kleos
‘you will see me in my present mood by no means disgracing my father’s house’
epithets for Penelope;
‘wise,’ ‘patient,’ ‘prudent’
Book 1 – Penelope is chaste before the Suitors;
who only see her with ‘waiting women in attendance’ and a ’shining veil across her cheeks’
Book 1 – Penelope’s loss of Odysseus;
‘in that catastrophe no one was dealt a heavier blow than I’
Book 1 – Penelope remains loyal to Odysseus;
‘she hates the idea of remarrying’
Book 2 – Penelope is referred to by the Suitors as
‘an incomparable schemer’
Book 2 – Penelope is seen by the Suitors as an object to win;
the ‘incomparable prize for which we are competing’
Book 6 – Penelope’s current situation is described by Odysseus’ mother;
‘she has schooled her heart to patience, though her eyes are never free from tears’
Book 17 – Penelope is presented as both chaste and unchaste;
‘looking like Artemis or golden Aphrodite’
Book 17 – Penelope is presented as a loving mother;
‘she threw her arms around her son’s neck and kissed his forehead’
Book 18 – Penelope displays wisdom;
‘a timid beggar is a bad beggar’
Book 18 – Penelope’s despair in waiting for Odysseus is evident;
‘I wish holy Artemis would grant me a death as gentle as that this very moment, and save me from wasting my life in anguish and longing for my dead husband’
Book 18 – Penelope defends xenia;
she rebukes Telemachus for allowing ‘this visitor of ours to be so shamefully treated’
Book 18 – Penelope is described by Eurymachus as;
‘supreme among women’
Book 18 – Penelope increases the household’s oikos;
‘she was extorting gifts from her suitors’
Book 19 – Penelope's refusal to marry a Suitor;
‘I can neither evade marriage with one of them nor think of any means of escape’
Book 19 – Penelope tests Odysseus in disguise;
‘I mean to test you to find out if you really entertained my husband’
Book 19 – Penelope grants xenia to Odysseus in disguise;
‘maids, wash our guest and spread a bed for him’
Book 19 – Penelope reprimands the Suitors;
‘you have exploited this house,’ ‘no men who desecrate and destroy a great man’s household can anyhow have a high reputation among the people’
Book 23 – Penelope's choices for when she meets Odysseus properly;
‘should she remain aloof as she questions her husband, or go straight up to him and kiss his head and hands?’
Book 23 – Penelope's first reaction when she sees Odysseus
‘Penelope sat there without a word, with bewilderment in her heart’
Book 23 – Penelope's reaction on realising it is Odysseus;
‘her knees began to tremble... bursting into tears as she ran up to Odysseus, threw her arms around his neck and kissed his head’
Book 23 – Penelope’s reunion with her husband was;
‘bliss’
Book 23 – Penelope wants to discuss with him;
‘tell me all about this new ordeal’
Book 24 – Penelope's virtue is celebrated by Agamemnon;
‘how faithful was your flawless Penelope,’ ‘how loyally she kept the memory of the husband of her youth’
epithets for Athene;
‘bright-eyed,’ ‘formidable goddess’
Book 1 – Athene’s view of the Suitors;
‘any decent man would be disgusted at the sight of such disgraceful behaviour’
Book 1 – Athene endows Telemachus with magic charm;
so ‘all eyes turned on him in admiration’
Book 5 – Athene's response to Poseidon blowing a storm over Odysseus;
‘decided to intervene... she flattened the waves in the swimmer’s path’
Book 5 – Athene helps Odysseus to make it to shore;
‘put it into his head to grab hold of a rock with both hands as he was swept in’
Book 5 – Athene cares for Odysseus;
‘filled his eyes with sleep... to soothe his pain and utter weariness’
Book 6 – Athene encourages Nausicaa to approach Odysseus;
‘Athene put courage into her heart’
Book 6 – Athene alters Odysseus’ looks;
‘made him seem taller and sturdier and caused the bushy locks to hang on his head thick’
Book 6 – Athene respects to the patriarchy and her elders;
‘refrained from appearing before him [Odysseus], out of deference to her father’s brother’
Book 7 – Athene provides Odysseus guidance in Phaeacia;
‘follow my lead without a word, look at nobody and ask no questions’
Book 19 – Athene provides the biggest help to Odysseus;
‘Athene’s aid’
Book 20 – Athene pushes Odysseus further into conflict;
‘she wished the anger to bite deeper yet into the heart of Odysseus’
Book 22 – Athene protects Odysseus from the Suitor’s arrows;
‘Athene made the whole volley miss’
Book 23 – Athene allies with Odysseus against the Suitors;
‘I will indeed stand at your side,’ ‘I am eager for the fight’
Book 23 – Athene's actions when Odysseus and Penelope reunite;
‘she held the night lingering’
Book 26 – Athene is called by Odysseus;
‘that clever strategist’
Book 14 – Eumaeus yearns for Odysseus;
‘here I sit, yearning and mourning for the best of masters’
Note 
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