kinesiology final

dec 2nd

anatomical position 

standing upright, feet together, arms at side, palms forward 

sagittal plane

spilt body into left and right (medial/lateral) sagittal suture; motions: dorsiflexion/plantar flexion, forward/backward bending, flexion/extension

frontal plane

spilt body into back and front (anterior and posterior) parallel to coronal suture; motions: abduction/adduction, lateral flexion, ulnar and radial deviation, and eversion/inversion

transverse plane

spilt body into upper and lower (superior and inferior) parallel to the floor; motions: internal/external rotation, axial rotation (head & trunk), supination/pronation

frontal axis 

point that run through a joint from side to side 

sagittal or AP axis 

point that runs through a joint from front to back 

vertical axis 

runs through a joint from top to bottom 

force arm (FA)

distance between the force & axis

resistance arm (RA) 

distance between the resistance and axis 

shoulder joints 

glenohumeral joint (GH), sternoclavicular joint (SC), acromioclavicular joint (AC), scapulothoracic joint (ST) 

degrees of freedom for MCP 

2 (abduction/adduction, flexion/extension) 

degrees of freedom for PIP

1 (flexion/extension)

intrinsic muscles of hands 

thenar eminence: median nerve 

-abductor pollicis brevis 

-flexor pollicis brevis 

-opponens pollicis 

hypothenar eminence: ulnar nerve 

-abductor digiti minimi 

-flexor digiti minimi 

-opponens digiti minimi 

-palmaris brevis