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Science
Environmental Science
Size of Continents and Seafloor Spreading
Sea Level- Number and Size of Continents
Pangaea: “supercontinent” that existed 260-240 million years ago
supercontinents have less coastlines, more harsh continental interiors
supercontinents: each of several large landmasses thought to have divided to form the present continents in the geologic past
the large landmasses were Gondwana, Pangaea, and Laurasia
lower species diversity
extinctions can occur when supercontinents are formed
different species on separate continents are forced to compete for food and habitats
Sea Level- Seafloor Spreading Rates
new oceanic crust is created at divergent boundaries
the amount of magma that rises and creates new crust at these boundaries changes over geologic time
more magma = rapid spreading, more mass and volume of new, hot and buoyant rock
elevation of seafloor is raised
volume of space in ocean basins to hold water is reduced
sea level rises
Example: Seafloor Spreading in the Cretaceous
110-85 million years ago
much faster spreading, so there is a lot of new oceanic crust
global seas level> 660 feet higher than today
shallow seas covered continents like North America
the world climate was much warmer than it is today
the rate of extinction of land-animal species increased
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