Periodic Table of Elements and Compounds

Atomic Properties

Organized by row

Atomic number increases as you move left to right and top to bottom.

Starts at least to most massive elements

Alkali Earth metals

Transitional metals

Noble Gases and so on

Columns (Chemical Properties) go up and down

When a noble gas tends to perform, to want to bond, and behave in the same way as another noble gas or transitional metal tends to behave as another transitional metal.

The elements in each column have similar behaviors. For example, noble gases (like helium and neon) don't like to mix with other elements, and they all act the same way. Metals in the same column also react similarly.

If they ask for a similar atomic number AM

It's to the right and left

If they ask which has a similar chemical properties

Go up and down

Compounds

Substance composed of two or more elements

e.g. H2O, NaCl, CO2

Bonds

Within compounds, the various atoms making up molecules are held together by _____.

There are Strong force bonds and Weak force bonds.

Two important STRONG force ____: Ionic and Covalent

Ionic Bonds

A bond in which one atom loses an electron to form a positive ion and the other gains an electron to form a negative ion, creating an electrostatic force that holds them together

One kid is playing with a ball, another snatches it away and runs off with it, and the kid who had the ball stolen wants it back. He chases him around to try to get it. The CHASE is the ELECTROSTATIC FORCE that holds them together.

They’re not actually sharing that electron though

One has it, one lost it and that’s what created the electrostatic force of the other trying to get it back

Covalent Bonds

A bond formed when atoms SHARE one or more of their valence electrons

Share the particle; orbits in the valence (the shell path) of both of the atoms so in this case with a covalent bond,

• Think of it like a child comes to steal another child’s ball,

  • but other won’t let go and they’re both pulling on the ball.

  • They’re both held together.