2.6 prosthetic gait deviations

Why are contractures more common in PVD amputees

they have been sitting for a very long time (contractures)

___ prosthetic step, ____ sound step

long; short

___ prosthetic stance, ____ sound stance

short; long

___ prosthetic swing, ____ sound swing

long; short

cadence sounds like…

a galloping horse

disadvantages in residual limb

shortened residual limb

poor flexibility

poor strength in hip mm

poor core strength

sagittal plane deviations

ext/flex moment

vaulting

drop off

forward trunk flex

toe drag

heel raise

foot slap

unequal step length

prosthetic cause of extension moment

heel too soft

foot too far ant

foot too PF

anatomical causes for extension moment

short residual limb

poor strength

knee flexed at heel strike

prosthetic cause for flexion moment

heel too firm

foot too far post

foot too DF

too long

anatomical causes for flexion moment

knee and hip flexion contracture

pain anteriorly of residual limb

decreased quad strength

poor balance

prosthetic cause for vaulting

too long

inadequate socket suspension

excessive stability

excessive PF

knee locked/poor flexion

fear

anatomical causes of vaulting

residual limb discomfort

improper training

short residual limb

prosthetic causes of drop off

short/soft toe lever

socket too flexed

excessive DF

poor foot type

anatomical causes of drop off

pain

prosthetic causes of forward trunk lean

socket too big

poor suspension

knee instability

anatomical causes of forward trunk lean

hip flexion contracture

weak extensors

pain with ischial WB

inability to initiate knee flexion

prosthetic causes of toe drag

too long

excessive PF

anatomical causes of toe drag

poor hip stabilizers

hamstring weakness

improper translation of weight

prosthetic causes of heel raise

lack of friction in prosthetic knee

increased generation of force

anatomical causes of heel raise

can coincide with terminal impact for stability

prosthetic causes for foot slap

soft heel cushion on articulated ankle

prosthetic causes of unequal step length

too long

anatomical causes of unequal step length

poor hip control

fear of knee buckling

peripheral visualization

tight hip flexor

hip ext weakness

frontal plane deviations

varus/valgus moment

lateral shift

hip hiking

abduction gait

retracted pelvis

prosthetic causes for varus moment

foot inset

components too add

high medial wall

anatomical causes for varus moment

comprmised LCL

weak add

prosthetic causes for valgus moment

foot outset

components abd

anatomical causes for valgus momnet

compromised MCL

weak abd

Prosthetic causes for lateral shift

too short

high medial wall

low lateral wall

foot inset

anatomical causes for lateral shift

abd contracture

weak abd

pain

instability

short residual limb

prosthetic causes for hip hiking

too long

anatomical causes for hip hiking

short residual limb

prosthetic causes for abduction gait

foot outset

too long

socket too small

insufficient suspension

high medial wall

low lateral wall

anatomical causes of abduction gait

fear od knee triggering

pain in grion

hip abd contracture

leaning into assistive device

Transverse plane deviations

foot ER/IR

circumduction

IR/ER of prosthesis

ER of toe

latera/medial whip

prosthetic causes of external foot rotation

loose fitting socket

inadequate suspension

rigid heel cushion

excessive toe out built in

anatomical causes of external foot rotation

poor muscle control

weak IRs

retracted hip

tight hip flexors

donned incorrectly

prosthetic causes of internal foot rotation

loose fitting socket

inadequate suspension

excessive toe in built in

anatomical causes of internal foot rotation

donned incorrectly

need to add socks

prosthetic causes of circumduction

too long

knee locked

ill fitting socket

PF foot

anatomical causes of circumduction

abd contracture

poor triggering of knee

prosthetic causes of lateral whip

excessive IR of knee

tight socket

valgus in prosthetic

improper alignment of toe break

anatomical causes of lateral whip

improper training

weak rotators

knee instability

prosthetic causes of medial whip

excessive ER of knee

tight socket

varus in prosthetic

improper alignment of toe break

anatomical causes of medial whip

improper training

weak rotators

knee instability

prosthetic causes of pistoning

ill fitting socket

loose suspension