Traditional marxism - ownership and coiintrol of the media

Who takes an instramentalist thoery and what does it mean?

Milliband (1973) - the instramentalist theory

• Milliband argued that the media is instramental in shaping our ideologies.

• He agues this means that it plays a key role in justifying and reproducing class inequality (acts as an ISA)

• This is because it doies not encourige the critiisism of the capatalist system - in fact it does the opposite

Who talks about the representation of ethnic minorities and what do they say?

Castles and Kosack

• They argue it relally suits the ruling class for the white WC to blame their problems on ethnic minorities.

• This is because it distracts the WC from the real cause of their problems - which is capitalism

• This means the WC rae kept at bay and dont revolt against the capitalists system

Explain the bread and circus term and who coined it .

Marcuse - bread and circus

Marxists who belonged to the frankfurt school used the term bread and circus to describe the superficil entertainment used to satisfy population so that they are distracted from real issues such as poverty - which is caused by capitalism

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