body structures and organization of the body

anatomy

study or body structure

physiology

study of the function

homeostasis

achieved when body’s systems and processes maintain stability

• organ systems rely on ea other to achieve homeostasis

• if disease is present within one system, other systems will be affected

cells

smallest living unit in the body

tissues

cells that are similar and organized form together as tissues

organ

2 or more tissue types form to create organs

organ system

a grp of organs that work together to perform complicated tasks

cell membrane

outer layer, thin and permeable, allows sybstances to pass thru

cytoplasm

liquid containing cells structures

mitochondria

makes energy (ATP) for the cell (powerhouse)

nucleus

contains chromosomes (DNA), tells cell what to do

DNA

chemical name for molecule that carries genetic instructions in all living things

gene

portion of DNA that determines body trait

heredity

transfer of genetic traits from parent to child

• 46 chromosomes

• (22 pairs => 44 total and 1 pair of sex chromosomes)