Gross and Fine motor development

GM 2-4 months

lifts head in prone

push against gravity in prone

require sitting support

stepping reflex when help in standing

GM 4-6 months

prone: props on hands

Supine: feet to mouth

begins to sit independently (propped on hands)

hold head upright

rolls prone to supine

likes to bounce while being held

GM 6-8 months

no longer likes to play in prone/supine

sits well independently

can use both hands to play while sitting

crawl/scoot forward

fully weight bearing in supported standing

few steps while both hands held

GM 8-10 months

Plays well in supported sitting

Pulls self to stand using furniture

Walks with hands held

GM 10-13 months

rise from supine to sit

Crawls rapidly

bear crawl

cruises around furniture

GM 1-1.5 years

walks well for short distance

highchair, crib, stroller

crawls up/down stairs with super vision

push riding toy

throws toy with little accuracy

GM 1.5-2 years

squats, run (poor coordinaiton)

walks short distances

highchair + crib

jumps clears both feet off ground

walks up/down stairs

kicks/tosses ball (little accuracy)

walk with push/pull toy

GM 2-3 years

play ground equipment

assistance with toilet

running is better coordinated

uses car seat

ride a tricycle

stand/hop on one foot

running, jumping, climbing

GM 3-5 years

use standard toilet, child’s bed

Alternates feet on stairs

learns specific skills

Pump playground swing

gallops/skips

2 wheel bike (training wheels)

GM 5-7 years

Ride bike without training wheels

organized sports

run with speed + endurance

Dance/ Martial arts

Hops/skips with good balance

catches ball with 2 hands

Kicks with accuracy

GM 7-12 Years

May jog 1-2 miles

competitive sports

concern for physical fitness

school P.E

throw small ball toward target

catch small ball

GM 12-18 years

Concern for physical fitness

school P.E

Team sports may decline

Influenced by socioculture, family + peers

FM 2-4 months

holds objects (gross fisted grasp)

clasp hands together

swipes @ objects

hands brought to midline for bilateral extension

FM 4-8 months

Shakes rattle

Reaches, rakes

Scissor grip, palmar grasp

uses both hands

brings hands to mouth

FM 8-12 months

Radial digital grasp

increase wrist stability + extension

Transfer objects from one hand to other

Voluntary release objects

Throw/bang/dump objects

No hand preference

Pincer grasp for tiny objects

FM 1-2 years

Palmar supinate grasp

in hand manipulation skills

controlled release of objects

larger insert puzzles

scribbles

uses spoon, sippy cup

Turn pages in book

functional point

FM 2-3 years

Digital pronate grasp

open simple containers

wind up toys

string large beads

copies lines + circles

snips with scissors

FM 3-4 years

Static tripod grasp

simple fasteners

shifting

colors in lines

prewriting

construction toys

scissor skills progress

FM 4-6 years

Dynamic tripod grasp

Ties shoes

prints name

copies latters

use fork + knife

opens packages

FM 7-10 years

Cursive writing

intricate models

ties knots

proficient with utensils

manages hygiene tasks

computer keyboard/mouse/texting

FM 10-18 years

Keyboard speed

drawing/handwriting improve

develop specific fine motor skills

utilize tools to complete projects