Water, Electrolyte, and Acid-Base Flash Cards

from class

52%

The average adult female is what percentage of water by weight?

63%

The average adult male is what percentage of water by weight?

intracellular fluid

All the water and electrolytes within cells are termed what?

xtracellular fluid

All the water and electrolytes outside of the cells would be termed what?

transcellular fluid

Other fluids like cerebral spinal fluid would be term what?

osmotic pressure

Movement of fluid between compartments is regulated by hydrostatic pressure and

drinking

About 60% of daily water is gained from

foods

About 30% of water is gained from

metabolism

About 10% of water is gained from

thirst mechanism

What is the primary regulator of water intake?

physical exercise

The route of water loss depends on temperature, relative humidity, and

antidiuretic hormone

What hormone causes a reduction in the amount of water lost in the urine?

electrolyte deficiency

A salt craving may indicate an

sodium

What can account for 90% of the positively charged ions in extracellular fluids?

acids

Electrolytes that ionize in water and release hydrogen ions are

bases

Electrolytes that combine with hydrogen ions are

acid-base

The brain stem and the kidneys are apart of which buffer system?

chemical buffers

What is considered the body's first line of defense against shifts in pH

acidosis

A pH below 7.35 produces

alkalosis

A pH above 7.45 is called

respiratory acidosis

Which type of acidosis is a result from an respiratory injury or airway obstructions?

metabolic acidosis

Kidney disease and diabetes mellitus can be a result of

hyperventilation

Respiratory alkalosis results from