UCSP 2

Vocabulary flashcards covering key terms from the lecture on social, political and cultural behaviors and phenomena.

Culture

The customary beliefs, social forms and traits that define a specific racial, religious or social group.

Customary Belief

An established, long-held practice or idea passed through generations; accepted as true despite lacking factual proof.

Social Norms

Unwritten rules that dictate acceptable or unacceptable behavior, guiding interactions without legal force.

Society

A group of individuals sharing a common territory, interests, laws, culture and traditions; from Latin 'socius' (companion).

Society

Members of society often share common interests, customs, laws, culture, and traditions

Politics

The practice of achieving and exercising governance over a community; from Greek 'politika' meaning 'affairs of the cities'.

Affairs of the City

Issues and activities related to urban governance, resource distribution and collective management of city life.

Behavior

The actions, reactions and responses of an individual or group influenced by internal factors, external factors and past experience.

Internal factors of behavior

Thoughts feelings

External factors of behavior

Environment, social norms and culture

Phenomenon

An extraordinary event or occurrence—natural, social or scientific—that can be observed or experienced.

3 categories in phenomena

Natural

Social

Scientific

Social Behavior

General conduct individuals exhibit within society, shaped by what peers deem acceptable or unacceptable.

Istambay

Tagalog for 'stand-by'; describes a person perceived as idle, jobless or unproductive, carrying negative social connotation.

Food Taboo

A cultural, social or religious restriction on consuming certain foods (e.g., during Holy Week or Ramadan).

Political Behavior

Actions individuals or groups take to influence or participate in politics, such as voting, activism or party work.

Political Phenomenon

A remarkable political event or figure whose achievements set them apart, e.g., Joseph Estrada or Barack Obama.

Political Dynasty

A family that wields significant political power across generations through elected positions or party control.

Thin Dynasty

A political clan where family members succeed one another in the same office over time (inter-generational succession).

Fat Dynasty

A political clan in which several family members simultaneously hold multiple elective positions (simultaneous monopoly).

Regulation of Political Dynasties

Effort, such as an Anti-Dynasty Law, aimed at preventing indefinite monopolies in public office and reducing corruption.

Philippine Elections

The democratic process of selecting officials at national and local levels through voting.

Hierarchy

President

Vice president

Senator

Members of the house of representative

Governess

Vice governors

Members of the sangguniang ppanlalawigan

Mayors

Vice mayors

Members of sangguniang pang lungsod

Matangay officials

Ski

Commission on Elections (COMELEC)

The constitutional body responsible for administering and overseeing Philippine electoral processes.

Direct Voting

System where citizens cast ballots directly for their preferred candidates rather than through intermediaries.

Plurality Voting System

Electoral method where the candidate with the highest number of votes wins, even without an absolute majority.

Term Limits

Legal restrictions that set the maximum duration or number of terms an elected official may serve.

Cultural Behavior

Shared ways a culture's members think, act and interact, encompassing values, norms and practices.

Social Interactions

The communication styles, greetings and relationship-building practices that reflect a culture's behavioral norms.

Tradition and custom

Festivals, rituals, and ceremonies

Food and cuisine

Cooking methods and eating habits

Art and entertainment

Music's, dance, and literature

Work and leisure

Attitudes towards work, productivity, and leisure activities