Physiological adaptations

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13 Terms

1

Neural pathways

increased recruitment of motor units and FG and FOG fibre types

decreased inhibition of the stretch reflex

increased speed strength and power output

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2

Functional effect of increased recruitment of motor units

increased force of contraction

improved co-ordination

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3

Functional effect of decreased inhibition of stretch reflex

increased force of contraction from agonist muscle

decreased inhibition from the antagonist

increased stretch of the agonist

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4

Muscle and connective tissue

muscle hypertrophy

muscle hyperplasia

increased number and size of contractile proteins and myofibrils

increased strength of tendons and ligaments

increased bone density and mass

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5

Functional effect of muscle hypertrophy and hyperplasia

increased force of contraction

maximum and explosive training will increase size of FG fibres

endurance will increase size of FOGs

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6

Functional effect of increased number and size of contractile proteins

increased force of contraction

increased number and thickness of actin-myosin filaments

increased protein synthesis

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7

Functional effect of increased strength of tendons and ligaments

increased joint stability

decreased risk of injury

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8

Functional effect of increased bone density

increased absorption of calcium

decreased risk of osteoporosis

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9

Metabolic function

increased ATP, PC and glycogen stores

increased enzyme activity

increased buffering capacity

increased muscle mass

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10

Functional effect of increased ATP, PC and glycogen stores

increased capacity for galactic energy production

increased energy for speed and power-based activities

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11

Functional effect of increased enzyme activity

increased efficiency of anaerobic energy production

reduces onset of fatigue

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12

Functional effect of increased buffering capacity

increased tolerance and removal of lactic acid

delay OBLA

increased anaerobic threshold

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13

Functional effect of increased muscle mass

improved body composition

increased metabolic rate

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