consonance
repeating consonant sound
assonance
repeating vowel sound
metaphor/extended metaphor
comparison of two unlike things throughout an entire novel
inference
to come to a conclusion
anaphora
repetition of a word or phrase to start specific clauses
denotation
dictionary definition of word
connotation
emotional appeal of a word
colloquial
common everyday language
hyperbole
extreme exaggeration
irony
contrast of some sort
juxtaposition
side by side--- placed together with contrasting effect
allusion
reference to literature, geography, biblical, superstition, etc.
antecedent
thing or event that came before
imagery
visually descriptive or figurative language
didatic
intended to teach
idiom
phrase not intended to be taken literally
oxymoron
contradictory terms
paradox
seemingly absurd or self-contradictory statement that when investigated or explained may prove to be well founded or true
personification
human characteristics to nonhuman things
flashback
scene that is set in a time earlier than the main story
foreshadowing
hints to future events
indirect characterization
traits revealed through dialogue, another character, actions, thoughts, effect on others, etc.
direct characterization
author directly states character traits
parallelism
gives pattern or rhythm by the repetition of a word or phrase within a group of sentences with the same or similar structure--- provides clarity, balance, organization
figurative language
writing or speech not intended to carry literal meaning
anecdote
short story
apostrophe
addressing an absent character
aphorism
observation that contains a general truth
alliteration
repetition of initial consonant sounds
simile
comparison made using like or as
onomatopoeia
formation of words through sound
analogy
comparison between two things, usually for explanation or clarification
rhyme
similar sounding words
mood/atmosphere
state of mind or feeling created through the use of diction
tone
author’s attitude toward their piece of writing
diction
word choice in speech or writing