Weekly Quick Quiz Questions

Primary effect of acepromazine on CV system

Vasodilator

Primary effect of dexmedetomidine on BP?

Increase (vasoconstriction)

What does dexmedetomidine do to HR?

Decreases it

Is midazolam an effective sedative in a young, healthy dog?

No, causes excitement alone

What drug reverses the effects of midazolam and diazepam?

Flumazenil

What drug can completely reverse the effects of hydromorphone?

Naloxone

What drug is used to reverse the effects of dexmedetomidine?

Atipamezole

Does acepromazine provide analgesia?

No

Is there a drug which can reverse the effects of acepromazine?

No

Compared to other anesthetic induction drugs, would you consider the elimination of propofol to be slow or fast?

Fast

Which opioid is a partial mu agonist with a relatively long duration of action (6-8hrs)?

Buprenorphine

Which opioid is used extensively in veterinary medicine is an opioid agonist-antagonist?

Butorphanol

Which inhaled anesthetic has the lower MAC — iso or sevo?

Iso

Which inhaled anesthetic has a faster induction and recovery — ISO or sevo?

Sevo

A 10 year old, MN Labrador Retriever is anesthetized for amputation of a digit on his right hind leg. You decide to use bupivacaine for a local anesthetic ring block proximal to the digit. Is the duration of action of bupivacaine the same, shorter, or longer than lidocaine?

Longer than lidocaine

Which local anesthetic can be administered intravenously in a dog to provide systemic analgesia and reduce the dose of inhalant anesthetic?

Liodcaine

Which is a more toxic local anesthetic: lidocaine or bupivacaine?

Bupivicaine

Is the dog or the cat more sensitive to the toxic effects of a local anesthetic?

Cat

You plan to anesthetize a 6-month-old mixed breed dog weighing 15 kg for an ovariohysterectomy. There is nothing remarkable in the history The dog is current on vaccinations. Physical exam is normal. You plan to obtain a PCV and TP once you place the IV catheter. What ASA status would you assign this patient?

Class 1

Which opioid, butorphanol or hydromorphone, will provide better analgesia for a cat being anesthetized for an ovariohysterectomy?

Hydromorphone

Ruminants are More or Less sensitive to xylazine than horses?

More

What are two things which are done to prevent myopathies and neuropathies in anesthetized adult cattle?

Padding, extend the down forelimb

Do horses have a Higher or Lower anesthesia mortality than dogs?

Higher

Why is it recommended to intubate an anesthetized ruminant?

Regurg, lots of saliva production

What are two factors which may contribute to a rough or difficult recovery from anesthesia in a horse?

-inadequate analgesia

-temperament

-inadequate padding

What are two things which can be done to improve the quality of recovery from anesthesia in a horse?

-padded recovery stall

-maintain airway, adequate analgesia

According to the theory of metabolic scaling, will a rabbit need a Higher or Lower dose of xylazine on a mg/kg basis than a horse to achieve adequate sedation?

Higher

n the Cushing's reflex, why does the mean arterial blood pressure (MAP) increase suddenly?

Increase in ICP triggers an increase in MAP (brains last ditch effort)

What is the effect of severe hypoxemia (PaO2 < 50 mmHg) on cerebral blood flow (CBF) in a dog?

Increase

What is the effect of hypercapnia (PaCO2 > 40 mmHg) on cerebral blood flow in a dog?

Increase

What effect will high doses of inhalant anesthetic (> 1 MAC) have on cerebral blood flow (CBF) and intracranial pressure (ICP)?

Increase both

Which liver enzymes are more useful in diagnosing hepatic disease, and which one(s) are not liver specific?

ALT, AST, GGT

ALP not specific

What tests should be run prior to anesthesia and surgery in a patient with significant liver disease?

CBC/Chem (clotting factors IF bleeding is a concern in the patient)

What are the broad autoregulatory limits for blood pressure in most major organs?

60-70mmHg direct

90-100mmHg indirect

What would you need to do in addition to IV sedation for a standing surgical procedure in a horse?

Local block

When administered alone, are alpha-2 agonists more or less reliable for sedation than when they are administered with an opioid?

More reliable

Which opioid is more efficacious for the treatment of pain: morphine or butorphanol?

Morphine

Which opioid is more potent: morphine or butorphanol?

Butorphanol

What drugs are combined to make up Telazol?

Tiletamine and telazol

Which drug(s), used for premedication in a dog, provide analgesia?

Opioids, alpha 2 agonists

What is an acceptable systolic and diastolic blood pressure in a healthy, anesthetized dog?

>90/50

What are the differences between lidocaine and bupivacaine?

Lidocaine has faster onset and shorter duration

What is the difference in oxygen flow rate (ml/kg/minute) between a circle breathing system and a Bain, non-rebreathing system?

Non-rebreather = 200ml/kg/min

Circle breathing = 20-30ml/kg/min