Regulation (Buffers)

the chemical buffer system involves proton ____ or ____ and ---___ changes pH

acceptors, donors, temporarily

physiological buffer system changes rate which changes pH by CO2

respiratory, permanently, eliminating

physiological buffer system is than chemical buffer system but has the buffering capacity

slower, twice

renal buffering mechanisms eliminate _ other than _ and _ changes pH by getting rid of things via ___

acids, CO2, permanently, urine

chemical buffer systems (3)

• bicarbonate

• phosphate

• proteins

bicarbonate buffer system works in fluid compartment and or ___ H+ ions

extracellular, accepts, donates

phosphate buffer system works in fluid compartment and __ or H+ ions but the kidneys can change _ amount

intracellular, accept, donate, production

proteins are meaning they can function as ___ or __

amphoteric, acids, bases

proteins buffer in _ or ____ fluid compartments and include (3)

intracellular, extracellular

• hemoglobin

• intracellular proteins

• contractile proteins

physiological buffer system: increase in blood pH promotes in respiration which ___ CO2 which functions as an ___ and _ blood pH

decrease, preserves, acid, reduces

physiological buffer system: decrease in blood pH promotes in respiration which _ CO2 and _ blood pH

increase, eliminates, increases

renal buffer mechanisms (3)

• kidneys increase bicarbonate reabsorption

• bicarbonate synthesis

• bicarbonate excretion

renal buffer mechanism: kidneys increase bicarbonate reabsorption which moves into the __ and maintains blood system

bicarbonate, system, buffering

renal buffer mechanism: bicarbonate synthesis occurs as ____ make new bicarbonate which is _____ in __ and increases ___ of blood

kidneys, reabsorbed, blood, buffering capacity

renal buffer mechanism: bicarbonate excretion is when we get rid of _ bicarbonate

excess

all renal mechanisms of buffering can also occur with ____ but the process occurs ___ the cell (bicarbonate occurs __)

phosphate, inside, outside